Enhanced dielectric constant and energy density in a BaTiO3/polymer-matrix composite sponge

Abstract

Polymer-matrix dielectric composites are promising for use in electrostatic energy storage devices due to the ultra-fast charge–discharge speed and the long service life. Here we report a strategy for designing BaTiO3 sponge polymer composites for energy storage. BaTiO3 sponges with tunable porosities are prepared from polymethyl methacrylate micro-sphere arrays. Liquid epoxy completely fills the pores in a BaTiO3 sponge during vacuum de-foaming, forming a solid composite. The resulting composites possess a maximum dielectric constant of εr~332 and εr/εm~85, compared to εr~38 in a sample filled with BaTiO3 NPs, at 1 kHz. The composites also possess, at 100 kV cm−1, a high discharge energy density of Ud~105 × 10−3 J cm−3 and Ud/Um~51, and electric displacement of 3.2 μC cm−2, compared with those utilizing traditional strategies at low electric fields. Finite element simulation reveals the enhanced energy density is due to a high local electric displacement in composites.

Preparation and application of dielectric polymers with high permittivity and low energy loss: A mini review

“…We examined a few more cases in the same research area. 49,53,55,64,67,79,86,87 These examples show similar trends as we described above. We listed key parameters in Table 1, to demonstrate the relations of these factors.…”

“…The BT/epoxy sponge composites were prepared by capillary force and vacuum defoaming method. 55 Copyright 2020, springer nature [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] interfacing. In addition to dielectric loss during polarization, polymer composites based on conductive nanofillers suffer from regional inter-particular conduction loss where particles are too close to one another, an additional source of energy loss not seen in ceramic fillers.…”

“…The past 3 years have witnessed significant new breakthroughs in the study of dielectric properties of BT polymer-based ceramic nanocomposites. BT sponge-filled polymer composites with high permittivity and adjustable porosity using poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microsphere arrays were produced by Jian et al 55 The preparation process is shown in Figure 3b. The BT/epoxy resin sponge composite seems to be a promising material for electrostatic energy storage capacitors.…”

Interface‐Tailored Relaxor Ferroelectric Nanocomposites with Ultrahigh‐Insulation Shell of Fluorinated Aromatic Polythiourea for High‐Capacitance Energy Storage Applications

“…Interestingly, with small loading of BT@15 nm ArPTU NPs, the nanocomposite L 1 exhibits an unprecedented breakdown strength and efficiency that is 370 kV mm −1 and 65%, respectively. Consequently, the highest polarization of 18.5 kV mm −1 and discharged energy density of 23.1 J cm −3 are attained in L 1 , which is much larger than that of other types of BT-based polymer nanocomposites and commercial biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) of 0.71 J cm −3 at the applied field of 390 kV mm −1 , [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] as shown in Figure 7d.…”

Parallel Structure Enhanced Polysilylaryl-enyne/Ca0.9La0.067TiO3 Composites with Ultra-High Dielectric Constant and Thermal Conductivity

“…The reduction of device size means an increase in power density, so the material should also have a high thermal conductivity to improve the thermal management efficiency of the device . Even though traditional ceramics possess high dielectric constants, the brittleness and high density of ceramics limit their applications. , In recent years, polymer-based composite substrates, which possess both excellent dielectric properties of ceramics − and good mechanical properties of the polymer, have received extensive attention. The most common composite materials are 0–3 model composites, which are defined as zero-dimensional ceramic particles randomly distributed in the three-dimensional polymer matrix.…”