Enhanced desalination using a three-layer OTMS based superhydrophobic membrane for a membrane distillation process

Ray, Saikat Sinha; Chen, Shiao-Shing; Chang, Hau‐Ming; Thanh, Cao Ngoc Dan; Lê, Huy; Nguyen, Nguyen Cong

doi:10.1039/c8ra01043a

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Dip coating is one of the straightest techniques available to incorporate NPs onto an MD membrane [ 72 ]. The process is carried out in three steps: (a) immersion and dwell time, (b) deposition, and (c) evaporation of the solvent.…”

Section: Fundamentals Of MD Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Nanomaterials-Modified Membranes for Improved Membrane Distillation Performance

et al. 2020

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Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally induced membrane separation process that utilizes vapor pressure variance to permeate the more volatile constituent, typically water as vapor, across a hydrophobic membrane and rejects the less volatile components of the feed. Permeate flux decline, membrane fouling, and wetting are some serious challenges faced in MD operations. Thus, in recent years, various studies have been carried out on the modification of these MD membranes by incorporating nanomaterials to overcome these challenges and significantly improve the performance of these membranes. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of the incorporation of new generation nanomaterials such as quantum dots, metalloids and metal oxide-based nanoparticles, metal organic frameworks (MOFs), and carbon-based nanomaterials in the MD membrane. The desired characteristics of the membrane for MD operations, such as a higher liquid entry pressure (LEPw), permeability, porosity, hydrophobicity, chemical stability, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength, have been thoroughly discussed. Additionally, methodologies adopted for the incorporation of nanomaterials in these membranes, including surface grafting, plasma polymerization, interfacial polymerization, dip coating, and the efficacy of these modified membranes in various MD operations along with their applications are addressed. Further, the current challenges in modifying MD membranes using nanomaterials along with prominent future aspects have been systematically elaborated.

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Section: Fundamentals Of MD Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments in Nanomaterials-Modified Membranes for Improved Membrane Distillation Performance

et al. 2020

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“…However, the triple layer made mass transfer difficult, resulting in lower permeate fluxes. [ 61 ] The sol–gel method also originated hydrophilic SiNPs, bound on the OH groups with fluoropolymers, to conceive hydrophobic and rough surfaces capable of resisting hypersaline solutions with stable permeate fluxes. [ 62 ]…”

Section: Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Membrane Surface Modification by Electrospinning, Coating, and Plasma for Membrane Distillation Applications: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review

et al. 2021

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Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermally driven separation process where a hydrophobic and microporous membrane separates nonvolatile compounds. Because of its advantages, this process appears as an efficient way to recover water from industrial effluents. However, the commercial membranes used in the MD process still have operational troubles with complex industrial wastewater and against harsh operational conditions. Fouling, wetting, and low time of operation compromise the membrane function and make the total consolidation of MD technology difficult beyond the traditional application (desalination). Membrane modification can be key to mitigating these operational problems, allowing MD's expansion to complex separations. In this context, herein the main technologies to modify the membranes for MD applications of the last five years are comprehensively summarized. Three kinds of postfabrication modifications are focused on: electrospinning, coating, and plasma, including polymeric and ceramic membranes. A critical analysis of each technique is developed, discussing their potentialities and the properties achieved through them. This review enables the understanding of the operational problems of MD technology and leads to finding feasible alternatives to their mitigation. It also clarifies the evolution in membrane modification, discusses the development directions, and points out the future challenges of modifications.

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“…Generally, the degree of wettability of a solid by a liquid is directly measured by the average contact angle. Whenever the contact angle tends to zero, this is referred to as complete wetting; whereas, it is either wettable (hydrophilic) or non-wettable (hydrophobic) depending on whether the angle is smaller or greater than 90 0 , respectively [54]. Fig.…”

Section: Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Properties of PVDF-GO/Black-TiO2 Nanofibers and its Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Malachite Green Dyes

Abdelmaksoud

Mohamed

Sayed

et al. 2020

Preprint

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BackgroundBlack TiO2 and Graphene Oxide (GO) have attracted intensive attention as an effective catalyst on visible light driven for photodegrading of dyes. In this study, nano-black TiO2 was prepared by a simple hydrogenation of the anatase titanium oxide and the graphene oxide was prepared by applying the modified Hummers method. The prepared powders and nanofiber membranes are carefully examined to ensure their single phase and compound structure formation as well as to measure the equivalent crystallite size and particle distributions. ResultsThe optimum degradation efficiency of malachite green and methylene blue dyes occurred at pH values of 8 and 10, respectively. Afterwards, at the optimum pH value of 8, for malachite green, the degradation efficiency is peaked at 20 mg of the nano-black TiO2 concentration. Then, a comparison of the degradation efficiency of the two mentioned dyes are performed as the fore-mentioned nanofibers are loaded with 20 mg nano-black TiO2 at the corresponding optimum pH vales. ConclusionsThe diffuse reflectance spectroscopy has been investigated to find out the optical energy gaps of the treated and nano-black samples. Finally, a schematic of the redox reaction mechanism has been proposed.

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Enhanced desalination using a three-layer OTMS based superhydrophobic membrane for a membrane distillation process

Cited by 24 publications

References 37 publications

Recent Developments in Nanomaterials-Modified Membranes for Improved Membrane Distillation Performance

Recent Developments in Nanomaterials-Modified Membranes for Improved Membrane Distillation Performance

Membrane Surface Modification by Electrospinning, Coating, and Plasma for Membrane Distillation Applications: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review

Physical Properties of PVDF-GO/Black-TiO2 Nanofibers and its Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue and Malachite Green Dyes

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