Enhanced Degradation of Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers in Rhizosphere Soil of Kochia sp.

Singh, Ningthoujam Samarendra

doi:10.1007/s00128-003-0050-0

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Wada et al (1989) observed an increase in the rate and extent of Lindane degradation after repeated annual applications to an agricultural soil over 3-4 years. Singh (2003) reported enhanced degradation of a-, b-, and c-HCH in rhizosphere soils of Kochia sp. that had been pretreated with HCHs prior to testing.…”

Section: Bioaugmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by microorganisms

Seech²,

et al. 2005

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The organochlorine pesticide Lindane is the gamma-isomer of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH). Technical grade Lindane contains a mixture of HCH isomers which include not only gamma-HCH, but also large amounts of predominantly alpha-, beta- and delta-HCH. The physical properties and persistence of each isomer differ because of the different chlorine atom orientations on each molecule (axial or equatorial). However, all four isomers are considered toxic and recalcitrant worldwide pollutants. Biodegradation of HCH has been studied in soil, slurry and culture media but very little information exists on in situ bioremediation of the different isomers including Lindane itself, at full scale. Several soil microorganisms capable of degrading, and utilizing HCH as a carbon source, have been reported. In selected bacterial strains, the genes encoding the enzymes involved in the initial degradation of Lindane have been cloned, sequenced, expressed and the gene products characterized. HCH is biodegradable under both oxic and anoxic conditions, although mineralization is generally observed only in oxic systems. As is found for most organic compounds, HCH degradation in soil occurs at moderate temperatures and at near neutral pH. HCH biodegradation in soil has been reported at both low and high (saturated) moisture contents. Soil texture and organic matter appear to influence degradation presumably by sorption mechanisms and impact on moisture retention, bacterial growth and pH. Most studies report on the biodegradation of relatively low (< 500 mg/kg) concentrations of HCH in soil. Information on the effects of inorganic nutrients, organic carbon sources or other soil amendments is scattered and inconclusive. More in-depth assessments of amendment effects and evaluation of bioremediation protocols, on a large scale, using soil with high HCH concentrations, are needed.

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Section: Bioaugmentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by microorganisms

Seech²,

et al. 2005

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“…The transformation of HCHs by soil microorganisms was reported in the literature. , There are no reports about the endophytes and enzymes involved in the transformation of HCHs in plants; however, the transformation of other organic contaminants during uptake into plants has been controversially discussed. For instance, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons could be degraded in biofilms on root surfaces and by endophytes as demonstrated for phenanthrene. − Ibuprofen could be transformed by plant-derived enzymes …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis and Enantiomer Fractionation to Characterize the Transformation of Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers in a Soil–Wheat Pot System

Liu

Kümmel

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The uptake by plants from soil is one of the first steps for hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers to enter the food web. However, the HCH transformation associated with the uptake process is still not well understood. Therefore, a soil−wheat pot experiment was conducted to characterize the HCH transformation during wheat growth using compound-specific isotope analysis (CSIA) and enantiomer fractionation. The results showed that the δ 13 C and δ 37 Cl values of β-HCH remained stable in soil and wheat, revealing no transformation. In contrast, an increase of δ 13 C and δ 37 Cl values of α-HCH indicated its transformation in soil and wheat. A shift of the enantiomer fraction (EF) (−) from 0.50 to 0.35 in soil at the jointing stage and 0.35 to 0.57 at the harvest stage suggested that the preferential transformation of enantiomers varied at different growth stages. Based on the dual element isotope analysis, the transformation mechanism in the soil−wheat system was different from that in wheat in hydroponic systems. The high abundance of HCH degraders, Sphingomonas sp. and Novosphingobium sp., was detected in the α-HCH-treated rhizosphere soil, supporting the potential for biotransformation. The application of CSIA and EF allows characterizing the transformation of organic pollutants such as HCHs in the complex soil−plant systems.

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“…One major approach to overcome or minimize the adverse effect of toxic metal pollution on living organisms and ecosystems is to clean up the contaminated body by phytoremediation [4]. Phytoremediation is a potential green technology for overcoming the inherent limitation of biological cleanup approaches [5], especially for the removal of heavy metals [4]. Aquatic macrophytes are emerging as a cost-effective tool for contaminated soil and water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accumulation of Metals in Naturally Grown Weeds (Aquatic Macrophytes) Grown on an Industrial Effluent Channel

Sahu¹,

Naraian²,

Chandra³

2007

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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The ability of seven hyperaccumulator macrophytes which grow naturally in the heavy metal contaminated channels of three different industries (Hindustan Aeronautical Ltd., Eveready Ltd., and Scooter India Ltd.) to accumulate heavy metals was recorded. All these industries use electroplating processes in their manufacturing and are located in the inner area of Lucknow City, U.P., India. Of the three industries monitored, effluent released from Eveready Ltd. contained the highest concentration of heavy metals. In general, accumulations of heavy metals depend upon the plant species and the metal concentration in the media. All plant samples showed heterogeneous metal accumulations, except for Fe or Cd. It was observed that some plant species accumulated high level of metals, e. g., Eichhornnia crassipes for Fe (4052.44 lg/g), Mn (788.42 lg/g), and Cu (315.50 lg/g), and Spirodela polyrhiza for Cd (12.75 lg/g), Pb (20.25 lg/g), and Cr (128.27 lg/g), even when the metal concentrations were not high in the effluent. In summary, these two plants were found to be the best accumulators at each contaminated site. The results will be helpful in the selection of plant species which can be used as bioaccumulators or bioindicators.

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Enhanced Degradation of Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers in Rhizosphere Soil of Kochia sp.

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by microorganisms

Biodegradation of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) by microorganisms

Compound-Specific Isotope Analysis and Enantiomer Fractionation to Characterize the Transformation of Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers in a Soil–Wheat Pot System

Accumulation of Metals in Naturally Grown Weeds (Aquatic Macrophytes) Grown on an Industrial Effluent Channel

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