Enhanced damage in linear bipolar integrated circuits at low dose rate

Thermal-stress effects and enhanced low dose rate sensitivity in linear bipolar ICs

“…[4], [18] to avoid nonlinearities that can occur at higher dose levels) for the LM1 11s studied in this work to LM111 data reported in [4], [18], and note excellent agreement. This was surprising since, to our knowledge, there was no attempt to control the thermal cycles the devices were exposed to in [4], [17], [18].…”

“…For the O,Olrad(SiOJs irradiation, IB+ continues to increase with" dose up to a peak current of 1500 nA at 70 krad(Si02), afler which we see a slight decrease with increasing dose. The large difference in IB+ between the low-and high-dose-rate irradiations suggests that these LM1 11s exhibit an ELDRS effect, consistent with previously reported work [4, 18,19]. To illustrate this point, in Figure 3 we compare the relative damage factor (determined at 10 krad(Si02) as was done in…”

“…It is important to point out that most previously published data on LM1 11s suggesting ELDRS did not account for postirradiation anneals [4], [18], [19]. Thus, one might wonder if LM1 11s ever exhibit "true" dose rate sensitivity.…”

“…This was surprising since, to our knowledge, there was no attempt to control the thermal cycles the devices were exposed to in [4], [17], [18].…”

Total ionizing dose effects on MOS and bipolar devices in the natural space radiation environment

“…Thus, with low-dose-rate irradiation, one always risks that the gain degradation in space will exceed that observed during a higher rate exposure on the ground. A few device types even show enhanced gain degradation or increased offset voltages at -1 mrad(SiO,)/s than at -10 mrad(Si0Js [30,33,34], making it very dificult to identify a low-dose-rate testing sequence that can be used to predict bipolar response in space. ASTM F-1872 suggests that one may reasonably expect that tests at 10 mrad(SiO,)/s to a dose that is twice that expected in space [34] should approximate or bound bipolar response in space; however, this is based on limited experience, and is not guaranteed to be conservative.…”