Enhanced cytotoxic and apoptotic potential in hepatic carcinoma cells of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with ginsenoside compound K

Zhang, Jianmei; Wang, Yijun; Jiang, Yunyao; Liu, Tingwu; Luo, Yanyan; Diao, Enjie; Cao, Yufeng; Chen, Liang; Zhang, Liang; Gu, Qian; Zhou, Jinyi; Sun, Fengting; Zheng, Wancai; Liu, Jianxun; Li, Xueqin; Hu, Weicheng

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.06.121

Cited by 42 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Notably, over 120 h of the study, a significant increase in the release of CK was observed. These findings indicate that CK was released slowly (the pH of blood), thus the system could be used for target delivery of CK [ 41 ].…”

Section: Pharmacokinetics Metabolism and Safety Of Compound Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…LPS- induced RAW264.7 cells CK and BSA-CK (20, 15, 10, 5, and 1 μM), 24 h Improved anti-cancer ability of BSA-CK NPs compared to CK Higher ↓ in NO production by BSA-CK NPs [ 39 ] DCY51T AuCKNps In vitro A549, HT29, AGS and RAW264.7 cells DCY51T AuCKNps 0.1, 1, 5, 10, 15, and 20 μM Phototherapy- NPs+ AGS + 1 or 5 mg/mL, 24 h + laser at 800 nm, 10 min. ↑cytotoxicity for A549 and HT29 compared to CK ↑apoptosis after laser treatment in AGS [ 40 ] CK + chitosan NPs In vitro HepG2 cells CK and CK-NPs (3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, and 30 μg/mL), 24 h At 30 μg/mL, the apoptotic cell percentage, CK (39.02 ± 0.42%) and CK-NPs (47.57 ± 1.65%) [ 41 ] GK-OCMC NPs In vitro PC3 cells CK and GK-OCMC NPs (30 μg/mL) ↑ apoptosis by GK-OCMC treatment ↑ levels of caspase-3 (29.93%) and caspase-9 (20.78%) compared to GK treatment. [ 42 ] APD-CK micelles In vitro HepG2 and Huh-7 cells CK (30, 20, 10, 5, and 2.5 μg/mL), 24 h and 48 h Time-dependent and dose-dependent cytotoxic effects of APD-CK ↑expressions of PARP, caspase-3, and -9 in HepG2 cells by APD-CK micelles [ 43 ] Parthenolide/ CK tLyp-1 liposomes In vivo Nude mice 5 mg/kg, 24 h Strong tumor inhibit...…”

Section: Health-promoting Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On a similar line, a higher dose-dependent inhibitory effect of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with CK (CK-NPs) was observed compared to CK. Authors described a lower (IC 50 = 16.58 μg/mL) value for CK-NPs compared to CK (IC 50 = 23.33 μg/mL) in HepG2 cells [ 41 ]. Likewise, CK loaded O-OCMC nanoparticles showed inhibitory effects against prostate cancer (PC3) cells through enhanced cytotoxicity and uptake of CK [ 42 ].…”

Section: Health-promoting Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities

Sharma

Lee

2020

Biomolecules

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Ginseng (Panax ginseng) is an herb popular for its medicinal and health properties. Compound K (CK) is a secondary ginsenoside biotransformed from major ginsenosides. Compound K is more bioavailable and soluble than its parent ginsenosides and hence of immense importance. The review summarizes health-promoting in vitro and in vivo studies of CK between 2015 and 2020, including hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-diabetic, anti-cancer, neuroprotective, anti-aging/skin protective, and others. Clinical trial data are minimal and are primarily based on CK-rich fermented ginseng. Besides, numerous preclinical and clinical studies indicating the pharmacokinetic behavior of CK, its parent compound (Rb1), and processed ginseng extracts are also summarized. With the limited evidence available from animal and clinical studies, it can be stated that CK is safe and well-tolerated. However, lower water solubility, membrane permeability, and efflux significantly diminish the efficacy of CK and restrict its clinical application. We found that the use of nanocarriers and cyclodextrin for CK delivery could overcome these limitations as well as improve the health benefits associated with them. However, these derivatives have not been clinically evaluated, thus requiring a safety assessment for human therapy application. Future studies should be aimed at investigating clinical evidence of CK.

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Section: Pharmacokinetics Metabolism and Safety Of Compound Kmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Health-promoting Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Health-promoting Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities

Sharma

Lee

2020

Biomolecules

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“…The nanoparticle loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency were determined as follows, 100 mg of CSNPs and TMCNPs loaded with OGEO was added to HCl solution (4 mL, 1M) and placed in a boiling water bath for 30 min to dissolve nanoparticles, followed by the addition of 2 mL of 100% ethanol into the mixture and centrifugation for 5 min at 9000 rpm and 25°C. 26 The amount of OGEO in the supernatant was 250-400 nm, as measured by a UV-visible spectrophotometer (UV-2450, Shimadzu, Japan…”

Section: Determination Of Nanoparticle Loading Capacity (Lc) and Encamentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Chitosan And N, N, N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticle Encapsulation Of <em>Ocimum Gratissimum</em> Essential Oil: Optimised Synthesis, In Vitro Release And Bioactivity</p>

Onyebuchi¹,

Kavaz²

2019

IJN

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Background: The encapsulation of plant essential oils (EOs) with polymeric materials (e.g. chitosan (CS) and N, N, N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC)) and the further reduction of the polymers into their nano sizes are gaining research interest in nanotechnology due to potential applications in medical drug delivery systems as well as the food and pharmaceutical industry. The present study reports a novel approach for the synthesis of Ocimum gratissimum essential oil (OGEO)-loaded CS and TMC nanoparticles with distinct bioactive and physiochemical properties. Methods: The OGEO-loaded CS and TMC nanoparticles were characterised using various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The bioactive compounds in Ocimum gratissimum methanolic extract (OG-MeOH) and EOs was evinced with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Total phenolic content (TPC) of OGEO and OG-MeOH was determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The in vitro drug release kinetic pattern was ascertained by membrane dialysis, while antioxidant activity was determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrozyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. The disc diffusion method was used for antibacterial activity evaluation, while MTT and a trypan blue dye exclusion assay were used to assess cytotoxic activity on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Results: GC-MS analysis revealed components that have not been previously reported for Ocimum gratissimum. The maximum OGEO cumulative drug release percentage in vitro was observed at pH 3 for both OGEO-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (OGEO-CSNPs) and OGEOloaded N, N, N-trimethyl chitosan nanoparticles (OGEO-TMCNPs). The antioxidant activity of OGEO-CSNPs and OGEO-TMCNPs never reached a steady state after 75 h. OGEO-TMCNPs exhibited antibacterial activity at a lower concentration for both Gram-negative and Gram-positive food pathogens. In vitro cytotoxicity revealed the increased toxicity of OGEO-TMCNPs on MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Conclusion: OGEO-loaded CS and TMC nanoparticles were synthesised using a novel material optimisation approach. The synthesised nanoparticles have shown a promising application in the pharmaceutical and food industries.

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“…Ginsenoside compound K (CK) is a major intestinal bacterial metabolite of the protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides. CK has attracted wide attention because of its multiple pharmacological actions, such as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, antiaging, and anti-diabetic effects [5,6]. However, its clinical application is significantly restricted by its low water solubility and poor permeability [7].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular synthesis of gold nanoparticles by Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens for delivery of peptide CopA3 and ginsenoside and anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages

Liu

Perumalsamy

Kang

et al. 2020

Artificial Cells, Nanomedicine, and Biotechnology

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Probiotic Gluconacetobacter strains are intestinal microbes with beneficial effects on human health. Recently, researchers have used these strains to biosynthesize metal and non-metal nanoparticles for treating various chronic diseases. Despite their importance in nanotechnology, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) biosynthesized by Gluconacetobacter species have not been clearly identified for treating inflammation and inflammation-associated diseases. While ginsenoside CK has strong pharmaceutical activity, it also has strong cytotoxicity and hydrophobicity which is hurdle to make formulation. Peptide-nanoparticle hybrids are gaining increasing attention for their potential biomedical applications, including human inflammatory diseases. Herein, we developed peptide CopA3 surface conjugated and ginsenoside compound K (CK) loaded gold nanoparticles (GNP-CK-CopA3), which intracellularly synthesised by the probiotic Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens kh-1, to target lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. The synthetic GNP-CK-CopA3 was characterised by various instrumental techniques. The results of our cellular uptake and MTT assays exhibited obvious drug intracellular delivery without significant cytotoxicity. In addition, pre-treatment with GNP-CK-CopA3 significantly ameliorated LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Furthermore, GNP-CK-CopA3 efficiently inhibited the activation of the nuclear factor-jB (NF-jB) and mitogen-activating protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways. Taken together, our findings highlight the potential of using peptide-nanoparticle hybrids in the development of anti-inflammatory approaches and providing the experimental foundation for further application.

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Enhanced cytotoxic and apoptotic potential in hepatic carcinoma cells of chitosan nanoparticles loaded with ginsenoside compound K

Cited by 42 publications

References 32 publications

Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities

Ginsenoside Compound K: Insights into Recent Studies on Pharmacokinetics and Health-Promoting Activities

<p>Chitosan And N, N, N-Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticle Encapsulation Of <em>Ocimum Gratissimum</em> Essential Oil: Optimised Synthesis, In Vitro Release And Bioactivity</p>

Intracellular synthesis of gold nanoparticles by Gluconacetobacter liquefaciens for delivery of peptide CopA3 and ginsenoside and anti-inflammatory effect on lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages

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