Enhanced capillary zone electrophoresis in cyclic olefin copolymer microchannels using the combination of dynamic and static coatings for rapid analysis of carnosine and niacinamide in cosmetics

Abstract

Cosmetics that have medicinal effects, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant, have become a daily care routine consumption. The peptide additives, such as carnosine and nicotinamide, were frequently used to realize these medicinal effects. To accomplish rapid and effective quantitation of carnosine and niacinamide in cosmetics, capillary zone electrophoresis was executed in cyclic olefin copolymer microchips having both dynamic and static coatings. The static coating of cyclic olefin copolymer microchannel was constructed from bovine serum albumin adsorption, immobilization, and active site closure, while the dynamic coating was formed by adding surfactant into running buffer of capillary zone electrophoresis. The static coating can improve the hydrophilicity of cyclic olefin copolymer surface and avoid nonspecific peptide adsorption. The dynamic coating of sodium dodecyl sulfate in running buffer proved to be useful in flow velocity adjustment and the column efficiency enhancement in the capillary zone electrophoresis separation channel of the cyclic olefin copolymer microchip device. A separation resolution up to 4.24 on the mixture of carnosine and nicotinamide was obtained. Moreover, an analysis method was established and applied to simultaneous carnosine and nicotinamide determination in a liquid whitening essence and a solid antiglycation pill, and the results were verified by comparison with high-performance liquid chromatography methods, indicating its potential in complex sample analysis.

Recent developments in capillary and microchip electroseparations of peptides (2021–mid‐2023)

“…Peptide and protein sorption to the inner surface of the separation compartment and EOF regulation represent serious problems also in their CE analyses in glass/quartz or plastic microchips. Dynamic coating of cyclic olefin copolymer microchannels with SDS and static coating of these microchannels with BSA suppressed the sorption of dipeptide carnosine (β‐Ala‐ l ‐His) and enabled the determination of this peptide and niacinamide in cosmetic preparations [121].…”

Applications of Engineered Skin Tissue for Cosmetic Component and Toxicology Detection

“…Traditional cosmetic composition testing mostly relies on instrumental analysis methods such as UV spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), capillary electrophoresis, animal experiments as in vivo efficacy evaluation methods, and two-dimensional (2D) cell models as in vitro testing methods 2 – 6 . Although the test techniques are easy to operate and inexpensive, they also have many drawbacks, such as the high consumption of organic reagents in the pretreatment process, low detection throughput, and a long analysis cycle 7 – 10 .…”

Electrophoretic Determination of L-Carnosine in Health Supplements Using an Integrated Lab-on-a-Chip Platform with Contactless Conductivity Detection

“…To convert the species to a detectable form, they used a time-consuming chemiluminescence reaction between hydrogen peroxide and N-(4-aminobutyl)-N-ethylisoluminol-labelled peptides in the presence of adenine and Co 2+ [21]. Fresta et al reported the use of fluorogenic reagent naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxaldehyde to quantify intracellular carnosine in macrophage cell lysates [22], and Chen et al analyzed 4-fluoro-7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazole labeled L-carnosine and niacinamide in cosmetics [23]. Additional simplification of MCE analysis was achieved by integrated capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C 4 D).…”