Enhanced capacitive properties of commercial activated carbon by re-activation in molten carbonates

Lu, Beihu; Xiao, Zuoan; Zhu, Hua; Xiao, Wei; Wu, Wenlong; Wang, Dihua

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.08.047

Cited by 44 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Figure 6 shows the variation of specific capacitances with changing current densities. For both of the cases, as expected, with decreasing current densities, specific capacitance increases [24]. With higher current densities, less amount of ions accumulates at the AC/electrolyte interface.…”

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…When the areas of the curves are compared, Acna samples has a bigger area and this suggests a higher capacitance. This area is big in lower scan rates as well and shows a good capacitive behavior [22][23][24]. It should be noted that CV curves, especially at high scan rates, reveal a spike at 0.8 V. Actually this spike is more pronounced in the Acna sample.…”

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 82%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sunflower Stalk Based Activated Carbon for Supercapacitors

Yürüm

2019

Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry

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B u çalışmada, ayçiçeği saplarından aktif karbon üretmek için fiziksel ve kimyasal aktivasyon yöntemlerinin bir bileşimi kullanıldı. NaOH ile aktive edilen aktif karbon, 2658 m 2 /g gibi yüksek bir yüzey alanına sahiptir. Elde edilen mikrogözenek oranı ve yüzey alanı mktarı ticari aktif karbonlardan çok daha yüksektir. Aktif karbonlardan elde edilen elektrotlar, ikili süper kapasitör hücresinde, 1 M H 2 SO 4 elektrolit ile elektrokimyasal olarak analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, ayçiçeğinden elde edilen yüksek yüzey alanı sayesinde, 0.05 A/g akım yoğunluğunda, önemli derecede yüksek bir kapasitans olan 207 F/g elde edildiğini göstermiştir. Buna ek olarak, 80 W/kg güç yoğunluğunda yüksek bir enerji yoğunluğu değeri olan 18.4 Wh/kg elde edilmiştir. Sonuçlar ayrıca gözenek yapısının süper kapasitör performansı için ne kadar önemli olduğunu da göstermiştir.

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Section: Electrochemical Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Electrochemical Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 82%

Sunflower Stalk Based Activated Carbon for Supercapacitors

Yürüm

2019

Hacettepe Journal of Biology and Chemistry

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“…Each of these materials, however, has drawbacks. Commercial activated carbon, for example, has a poor specific capacitance due to its small surface area [ 113 ]. On the other hand, CNTs and graphene have a large specific surface area and excellent electrical conductivity, but their manufacturing process is complex and of high economic cost [ 114 ].…”

Section: Bioorganic Materials In Sol-gel Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on Sol-Gel Synthesis of Perovskite and Oxide Nanomaterials

Navas

Fuentes

Castro‐Alvarez

et al. 2021

Gels

121

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Sol-Gel is a low cost, well-established and flexible synthetic route to produce a wide range of micro- and nanostructures. Small variations in pH, temperature, precursors, time, pressure, atmosphere, among others, can lead to a wide family of compounds that share the same molecular structures. In this work, we present a general review of the synthesis of LaMnO3, SrTiO3, BaTiO3 perovskites and zinc vanadium oxides nanostructures based on Sol-Gel method. We discuss how small changes in the parameters of the synthesis can modify the morphology, shape, size, homogeneity, aggregation, among others, of the products. We also discuss the different precursors, solvents, working temperature, reaction times used throughout the synthesis. In the last section, we present novel uses of Sol-Gel with organic materials with emphasis on carbon-based compounds. All with a perspective to improve the method for future applications in different technological fields.

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“…Molten carbonates were reported to be an effective reactivation agent for altering the surface chemistry of activated carbon and significantly enhanced the surface area, which is tightly related to the reuse of the treated carbon (Lu et al 2015). In this process, high-temperature (usually 550-750ºC) carbonate mixtures are energy-intensive and costly (Flandinet et al 2012;Yao, Li, and Zhao 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and reactivation of magnetic biochar by molten salt method: Relevant performance for chlorine-containing pesticides abatement

Dai

Zhao

Niu

et al. 2018

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Molten salt has been regarded as a versatile and environmental-friendly method for the material preparation and waste destruction. In this work, molten FeCl3 was utilized for the generation of magnetic biochar (MBC) derived from simultaneous activation and magnetization of biomass. The sample characterization indicated that MBC had a rough surface with BET surface area of 404 m2/g and total pore volume of 0.35cm3/g. Highly dispersed Fe3O4 and nitrogen could be deposited on the surface, leading to an excellent magnetization property. The MBC exhibited a great 2,4-Dichlorophenol (2.4-DCP) and atrazine removal performance in solution with the maximum adsorption capacity achieved 298.12 mg/g and 102.17 mg/g. Kinetics results demonstrated that MBC adsorption met the Pseudo-first-order model better. Molten NaOH-Na2CO3 was provided for the re-activation of exhausted MBC. 2,4-DCP was firstly desorbed from the MBC and subsequently destructed by the active species in the melt medium. Chlorine can be captured in the molten alkaline medium from the XRD pattern of residues.The MBC could be easily recovered with a yield of 98.2% and fixed carbon content of 61.0% after the molten salt regeneration process. With no 2,4-DCP detected, 65.5% and 31.69% of initial Cl was found in washing water and residues with the molten NaOH-Na2CO3, respectively. After 4 cycles of regeneration and adsorption, 60.55%-72.22% of initial adsorption capacity can be kept. This preparation and regeneration method can be an effective way to reduce the risk of secondary pollution of chlorinated organic compounds during adsorbent regeneration. Implications: Molten salt (MS) is a salt or multiple salts with a low melting point, and has been applied in many sectors and is regarded as a crucial role in terms of energy, environmental, and resource sustainability. In our paper, magnetic biochar was prepared by one-step activation and magnetization of fir dust using molten FeCl∙6HO. Meanwhile, a regeneration method using molten alkaline salt was provided. Magnetic biochar generated in our study performed well in the 2,4-dichlorophenol and atrazine adsorption. After four cycles of regeneration and adsorption, 72.2% of initial 2,4-DCP adsorption capacity can be kept.

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Enhanced capacitive properties of commercial activated carbon by re-activation in molten carbonates

Cited by 44 publications

References 32 publications

Sunflower Stalk Based Activated Carbon for Supercapacitors

Sunflower Stalk Based Activated Carbon for Supercapacitors

Review on Sol-Gel Synthesis of Perovskite and Oxide Nanomaterials

Preparation and reactivation of magnetic biochar by molten salt method: Relevant performance for chlorine-containing pesticides abatement

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