Lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT) and lacto-N-tetraose (LNT) are important oligosaccharides found in
breast milk
and are commonly used as nutritional supplements in infant formula.
We used metabolic engineering techniques to optimize the modified Escherichia coli BL21 star (DE3) strain for efficient
synthesis of LNnT and LNT using β-1,4-galactosyltransferase
(HpgalT) from Helicobacter pylori and
β-1,3-galactosyltransferase (SewbdO) from Salmonella
enterica subsp. salamae serovar, respectively. Further, we optimized the expression of three key
genes, lgtA, galE, and HpgalT (SewbdO), to synthesize LNnT or LNT and deleted
several genes (ugd, ushA, agp, wcaJ, otsA, and wcaC) to block competition in the UDP-galactose synthesis
pathway. The optimized strain produced LNnT or LNT with a titer of
22.07 or 48.41 g/L, respectively, in a supplemented batch culture,
producing 0.41 or 0.73 g/L/h, respectively. The strategies used in
this study contribute to the development of cell factories for high-level
LNnT and LNT and their derivatives.