“…Thus, considering the origin of contamination by these types of compounds in the surface and groundwater discharges from the point and nonpoint sources of municipal and agricultural wastewater. , Today, many processes have been studied for the removal of these types of compounds, such as adsorption, advanced oxidation, electrochemical treatment, biological treatment, and photocatalysis. − In addition, new technologies have been used for the purpose of removing these compounds from wastewater, including adsorption and membrane filtration (RO-UF). , However, the membrane filtration methods must remove adsorbed contaminants, or they will be ineffective in wastewater treatment. Adsorption is considered the most effective method for removing pollutants found in wastewater, as it is simple and cost-effective. , Among the reported adsorbents are chitosan balls, activated carbon and bentonite, magnetite nanoparticles, , and zero-valence iron nanoparticles. , According to the research performed by Zhao et al, the adsorption of more than 30 types of antibiotics involves several adsorbents, including activated carbon, bentonite, nanoparticles of titanium dioxide; steel shavings, sawdust biochar, wheat straw biochar, and sludge biochar . Not all adsorption techniques are effective, and their use depends on the properties of the sorbent, such as particle size, surface area, functional groups, and porosity, among others .…”