Enhanced Audio LSB Steganography for Secure Communication

Hussain, Muhammad Junaid; Rafat, Khan Farhan

doi:10.14569/ijacsa.2016.070146

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Traditionally, LSB starts from the beginning of the cover file and embed the secret message sequentially. Thus, it is easily detectable and not resistant to steganalysis attacks [5,[34][35][36][37][38][39][40]. Moreover, the audio file will have different statistical characteristics in the part where the secret message is embedded.…”

Section: Background a Least Significant Bit (Lsb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, its structural limitations necessitate an improvement to the traditional approach making it less predictable while preserving its high capacity. Researchers [4,34,35,38] are just few examples of enhancements to LSB audio steganography. Unquestionability, these improvements to the traditional LSB are much more secure as they are more resistant to steganalysis attacks and many improved the capacity and imperceptibility.…”

Section: Background a Least Significant Bit (Lsb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ameliorating LSB Using Piecewise Linear Chaotic Map and One-Time Pad for Superlative Capacity, Imperceptibility and Secure Audio Steganography

Elshoush

Mahmoud

2023

IEEE Access

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Audio steganography hides a secret message into an audio. Existing techniques are lacking in achieving high payload, imperceptibility in addition to robustness at the same time. They also suffer from choosing the samples and even LSBs in an unpredictable fashion. Moreover, few adaptive techniques exist, besides not many embed in higher LSBs. Hence, a novel LSB PW LCM method that ameliorates LSB audio steganography is proposed. It uses piecewise linear chaotic map (PWLCM) to embed a secret message in random samples, besides selecting one of the 4-LSBs in an unsystematic way. It is noteworthy that each time a distinct sample and hence a differed 4-LSB is chosen as per different generated PWLCM. At first, Huffman coding is used to lessen the secret message size. Thereafter, to ameliorate the security of the onetime pad, random numbers are generated using PWLCM as an input key. This gives the proposed method a dual protection by amalgamating steganography with enhanced secure one-time pad. MATLAB is used to implement the proposed LSB PW LCM method and evaluate the imperceptibility between cover and stego audios against standard parameters viz. Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality (PESQ) and Perceptual Evaluation of Audio Quality (PEAQ). Furthermore, its imperceptibility was tested using Mean Square Error, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio, Signal-to-Noise Ratio, Percentage Root Mean Square Difference and Audio Fidelity. Exhaustive experiments on vastly used metrics affirm that the proposed method LSB PW LCM excel prevailing methods regarding hiding capacity and imperceptibility. Furthermore, it is resistant to brute force attacks having a large key space besides its dependency on the secret message size. In addition, it effectively withstood statistical analysis, specifically histogram attack and fourth first moments. Albeit it was vigorous towards re-sampling attacks, yet it was not very robust against LSB attacks nor noise. Assuredly, it prevails over existing methods and beyond comparison when juxtaposed with them affirming its efficacy.

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Section: Background a Least Significant Bit (Lsb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background a Least Significant Bit (Lsb)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorating LSB Using Piecewise Linear Chaotic Map and One-Time Pad for Superlative Capacity, Imperceptibility and Secure Audio Steganography

Elshoush

Mahmoud

2023

IEEE Access

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Enhancing LSB Using Binary Message Size Encoding for High Capacity, Transparent and Secure Audio Steganography–An Innovative Approach

Mahmoud

Elshoush

2022

IEEE Access

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We propose a novel LSB-BMSE method that enhances LSB audio steganography. It uses an innovative mechanism, Binaries of Message Size Encoding (BMSE), to embed a secret message after hiding its size in random samples. First, the secret message is compressed using Huffman coding, then encrypted by AES-128. The audio cover is split into number of blocks depending on secret message size. A secure key BMSE , output from the BMSE mechanism, is used to embed the secret message in random blocks and bytes adaptively according to its size. It is implemented using MATLAB and standard parameters: Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality and NIST Statistical Test Suite were used to measure imperceptibility between cover & stego audios and randomness of BMSE mechanism respectively. The fidelity was tested using Mean Square Error, Peak Signal to Noise Ratio and Signal-to-Noise Ratio. Comprehensive experiments on widely used metrics demonstrate that LSB-BMSE significantly surpasses existing methods in terms of hiding capacity and imperceptibility. Moreover, LSB-BMSE shows resistance to brute force attacks and statistical analysis. Although it was robust towards re-sampling attacks, nevertheless was not vigorous towards noise nor LSB attacks. The key BMSE complies with Kerckhoff's principle and exhibits avalanche criteria. The tested proposed LSB-BMSE proclaimed its effectiveness.

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Enhanced Audio LSB Steganography for Secure Communication

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Ameliorating LSB Using Piecewise Linear Chaotic Map and One-Time Pad for Superlative Capacity, Imperceptibility and Secure Audio Steganography

Ameliorating LSB Using Piecewise Linear Chaotic Map and One-Time Pad for Superlative Capacity, Imperceptibility and Secure Audio Steganography

Enhancing LSB Using Binary Message Size Encoding for High Capacity, Transparent and Secure Audio Steganography–An Innovative Approach

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