Enhanced AOX accumulation and aquatic toxicity during 2,4,6-trichlorophenol degradation in a Co(II)/peroxymonosulfate/Cl− system

Fang, Changling; Xiao, Dongxue; Liu, Wenqian; Lou, Xiaoyi; Zhou, Jun; Wang, Zhaohui; Liu, Jianshe

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.030

Cited by 73 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The variation of acute toxicity has already been observed in other AOP systems such as UV/H 2 O 2 [2,44] or the Fenton reaction oxidation [2]. Karci et al [2] reported that during H 2 O 2 /UV-C and photo-Fenton degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol, the acute toxicity decreased with decreasing 2,4-dichlorophenol and increasing chloride release.…”

Section: Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Karci et al [2] reported that during H 2 O 2 /UV-C and photo-Fenton degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol, the acute toxicity decreased with decreasing 2,4-dichlorophenol and increasing chloride release. Our previous study [44] showed the addition of Cl − had little influence on the toxicity of UV/H 2 O 2 solutions, and the toxicity of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol solution decreased with the reaction time.…”

Section: Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Monochlorophenols degradation by UV/persulfate is immune to the presence of chloride: Illusion or reality?

Fang

Lou

Huang

et al. 2017

Chemical Engineering Journal

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The efficiency and, accordingly, the success of the advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) has generally been evaluated on the basis of degradation kinetics. In practice, chloride in saline wastewater is often found to inhibit degradation processes. Therefore its highly desirable to develop more effective processes which are not affected by chloride. In this study, no significant interference of chloride with monochlorophenols (MCPs, e.g. 2-CP, 3-CP and 4-CP) degradation by the UV photoactivated persulfate (UV/PS) process has been observed. This indicated the "illusion" that the UV/PS process might have been an appropriate technology working under saline conditions. To further evaluate its applicability, the generation of reaction intermediates, of adsorbable organic halogen (AOX) accumulation and of acute toxicity of MCPs in the UV/PS system were examined. In reality, several aromatic chlorinated compounds (number of chlorine atoms ≥ 2), such as dichlorophenols and 2,3,5,3',5'-pentachloro-biphenyl, were identified and quantified. An accumulation and relative increase of AOX with reaction time was observed in the UV/PS/Cl system. The acute toxicity tests with Photobacterium phosphoreum indicated that the inhibition effect of UV/PS reactions increased with reaction time regardless of the presence of chloride or not. The results of this study might be helpful for assessing the PS-based technologies for saline wastewater treatment.

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Section: Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Toxicity Testmentioning

confidence: 95%

Monochlorophenols degradation by UV/persulfate is immune to the presence of chloride: Illusion or reality?

Fang

Lou

Huang

et al. 2017

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…At a low concentration of chloride (5 mM), an enhanced AOX formation was observed and AOX declined aer 15 h. At a higher level of chloride (50 mM), a signicant AOX accumulation happened, while a decay of AOX was observed aer 3 h. Increasing chloride concentration resulted in higher AOX values, in corresponding with the previous studies. 22,24 The decrease of AOX implies that some chlorinated byproducts could be mineralized aer a long reaction time. In addition, it should be much difficult to eliminate overall AOX at a higher chloride concentration due to the simultaneous occurrence of dechlorination and rechlorination.…”

Section: Aox Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 Grebel et al 23 found that the degradation of phenol was markedly enhanced under a high concentration of chloride by PMS/Cl À process. However, our previous studies indicate that absorbable organic halides (AOX) was produced and the formation of AOX increased with chloride concentration increasing, 24,25 owing to the generation of poly-chlorinated byproducts in PMS-based oxidation system. 22,26 AOX formation and accumulation is a matter of great concern due to their potential toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On peroxymonosulfate-based treatment of saline wastewater: when phosphate and chloride co-exist

et al. 2018

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“…Cl -(Cl•/Cl -, 2.41 V) can also be oxidized by SO 4 •− to form reactive chlorine species that leads to the chlorinated by-products (Huie et al, 1991). It was found that presence of Clresulted in the increased absorbable organic halogen (AOX) during the degradation of trichlorophenol in Co 2+ /PMS system (Fang et al, 2016). Anipsitakis et al (2006) reported the formation of tetrachloride during the degradation of phenolic compounds by SO 4 •− in the presence of Cl -.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transformation of iodide and formation of iodinated by-products in heat activated persulfate oxidation process

Wang

Kong

et al. 2017

Chemosphere

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Formation of halogenated disinfection by-products (DBPs) in sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) have attracted considerable concerns recently. Previous studies have focused on the formation of chlorinated and brominated DBPs. This research examined the transformation of I in heat activated PS oxidation process. Phenol was employed as a model compound to mimic the reactivity of dissolved natural organic matter (NOM) toward halogenation. It was found that I was transformed to free iodine which attacked phenol subsequently leading to iodinated DBPs such as iodoform and iodoacetic acids. Iodophenols were detected as the intermediates during the formation of the iodoform and triiodoacetic acid (TIAA). However, diiodoacetic acid (DIAA) was formed almost concomitantly with iodophenols. In addition, the yield of DIAA was significantly higher than that of TIAA, which is distinct from conventional halogenation process. Both the facts suggest that different pathway might be involved during DIAA formation in SR-AOPs. Temperature and persulfate dose were the key factors governing the transformation process. The iodinated by-products can be further degraded by excessive SO and transformed to iodate. This study elucidated the transformation pathway of I in SR-AOPs, which should be taken into consideration when persulfate was applied in environmental matrices containing iodine.

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Enhanced AOX accumulation and aquatic toxicity during 2,4,6-trichlorophenol degradation in a Co(II)/peroxymonosulfate/Cl− system

Cited by 73 publications

References 31 publications

Monochlorophenols degradation by UV/persulfate is immune to the presence of chloride: Illusion or reality?

Monochlorophenols degradation by UV/persulfate is immune to the presence of chloride: Illusion or reality?

On peroxymonosulfate-based treatment of saline wastewater: when phosphate and chloride co-exist

Transformation of iodide and formation of iodinated by-products in heat activated persulfate oxidation process

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