Enhanced-AODV Routing Protocol to Improve Route Stability of MANETs

Abstract

Establishing and maintaining link stability in Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) is one of the key challenging issues. Topology changes in MANET because overhead traffic that leads to consuming extra energy of nodes as well as decreasing the performance of routing protocols. Thus, a comprise approach should be considered during the design of a routing scheme in MANETs to deal with challenges incurred by the mobility of the nodes. In this study, a simple efficient routing scheme called Enhanced_AODV (E-AODV) is proposed, aiming to enhance Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol performance by constructing the most stable and reliable route from source to the destination node. In this routing scheme, the remaining lifetime of links and hop count are the metrics considered for calculating the Route Stability Factor (RSF) that can be utilized as a cost metric to establish the best route between source and destination node. The simulation results reveal that the proposed E-AODV routing scheme effectively outperforms the conventional AODV routing protocol and Stable and Bandwidth Aware Dynamic Routing Protocol (SBADR) in terms of packet delivery ratio, average network throughput, average end-to-end delay, and normalized routing overhead.

Do Americans Lacking a Local Orthopaedic Surgeon Have Adequate Broadband for Telehealth?

“…The residents of these counties often live in rural, more economically challenged areas with demographic factors that have previously been correlated with lower use of orthopaedic services [59]. Until the appropriate infrastructure investments can be made to promote the targeted expansion of broadband internet access, health systems and policymakers must capitalize on existing mobile internet networks or pilot-tested hardware loan programs [1,34,43].…”

“…A statewide hand trauma consultation program in Arkansas saw a decrease in the proportion of unnecessary interhospital transfers, defined as those resulting in immediate discharge from the receiving hospital [12,53]. Unlike fixed broadband infrastructure relying on directly wired connections, mobile broadband is best equipped for a high volume of low-bandwidth activities such as email or messaging [1]. It is likely that remote consultations of traumatic injuries will require highresolution imaging and two-way videoconferencing, which may be plagued with latency issues if relying on mobile connections alone [34].…”

“…We therefore asked: (1) What is the distribution of practicing orthopaedic surgeons in the United States relative to the presence of broadband internet access? (2) What geographic, demographic, and socioeconomic factors are associated with the absence of high-speed internet and access to a local orthopaedic surgeon?…”

Critical Analysis of Mobility Models on Power Consumption of MANET’S AODV Protocol

“…According to Ako Abdullah et al(2022) 32 , the proposed E-AODV routing scheme performs better than Stable and bandwidth aware and traditional AODV routing protocols in terms of PDR, average network throughput, average end-to-end delay, and normalized routing overhead. Kumar, S. and R.…”

Traffic-Predictive Routing Strategy for Satellite Networks

“…The literature [25] proposes a simple and efficient Enhanced_AODV routing scheme (E-AODV), designed to enhance the performance of the AODV routing protocol by establishing the most stable and reliable route from the source node to the destination node. The literature [26] introduces a reactive-based DSR (DS-DSR) approach, confirming its capability to consistently provide packet transmission.…”