Enhanced Antibacterial and Osteogenic Properties of Graphene Oxide Loaded with Berberine on Biomedical Titanium

Abstract

Internal implants are widely used in most orthopedic surgeries, of which titanium and its alloys are most widely used owing to the excellent corrosiveness resistance, low elastic modulus and good biocompatibility. However, implant failure still occurs for that titanium and its alloys themselves do not own antibacterial and osteogenic properties. In this work, we successfully fabricated berberine-loaded graphene oxide (GO) on the surface of biomedical titanium and systematically investigated its capabilities of antibacteria and osteogenesis. In vitro results showed that berberine had low antibacterial activity, but GO loaded with berberine on titanium (Ber&GO@Ti) exhibited superior antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) with the synergistic effect of GO and berberine. Meanwhile, Ber&GO@Ti performed satisfactory cytocompatibility and was capable of promoting osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. In the vivo experiment, Ber&GO@Ti showed excellent antibacterial properties and inflammatory cells e.g., neutrophils had seldom been found. No visceral toxicity had been found. This multifunctional coating showed great potential in orthopedic implants.

Exploring the Application of Graphene Oxide-Based Nanomaterials in the Repair of Osteoporotic Fractures

“…Furthermore, Ber&GO@Ti was biocompatible and promoted the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1. The in vivo experiments also showed excellent antibacterial properties and no infiltration of inflammatory cells in the surrounding tissues, such as neutrophils [ 48 ]. Fu et al prepared gold nano-particles-poly(dopamine)-L-lysine functionalized-GO-PLGA composite scaffolds (AuNPs-PDA@PLGA/Lys-g-GO) for bone defect repair.…”

“…Berberine-loaded GO coating improved the antibacterial activity and osteogenesis of Ti [48] GO/TiO 2 /Ti GO, TiO 2 , Ti NA Non-toxic to BMSCs…”

Graphene Oxide Nanostructures as Nanoplatforms for Delivering Natural Therapeutic Agents: Applications in Cancer Treatment, Bacterial Infections, and Bone Regeneration Medicine

“…This system's antibacterial properties were particularly efficient against S. aureus, indicating its potential utility in tissue engineering and antibacterial wound dressings, among other applications. Successful fabrication of a multifunctional covering for orthopedic implants was demonstrated by Xia-Ying et al [180]. They used GO to apply berberine alkaloid to the surface of a biomedical titanium implant.…”