“…Furthermore, this work has been extended to high-ordered multi-agent systems, 17 and systems with directed communication topology. 18,19 To enhance the control performance of AFM controllers, some fixed-time schemes, 20,21 prescribed-time schemes, 22,23 and historical states-based approaches 24,25 have been implemented to design the AFM control law. With the consideration of engineering practice, researchers also paid efforts to apply AFM theory in practical nonlinear systems, including multiple spacecrafts, 26,27 USVs, 4,[28][29][30][31] and unmanned aerial vehicles.…”