Enhanced Activity of Nicosulfuron in Combination with Soil-Applied Insecticides in Corn (Zea mays)

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted to determine the occurrence and the extent of interaction among four soil-applied organophosphate insecticides and the sulfonylurea herbicide nicosulfuron applied POST to corn. Nicosulfuron was damaging to corn when the crop was planted with terbufos, phorate, or fonofos applied into the open furrow. Terbufos was the most damaging and also caused damage when applied as a 17-cm band prior to or after closing the furrow, with or without incorporation. Phytotoxic symptoms appeared within 3 d of application of nicosulfuron and damage increased as the rate was increased from 53 g ai/ha to 140 g ai/ha. However, despite severe damage of up to 50% recorded in some terbufos combinations, all plants had completely recovered within 4 wk and none of the treatments had any effect on grain yield or crop maturity. No damage resulted from nicosulfuron when corn was planted with the insecticide chlorpyrifos. Efficacy data of nicosulfuron on the main weeds present are also reported.

Effects of glyphosate and endosulfan on soil microorganisms in soybean crop

“…In addition, mixtures of insecticides and herbicides, often done, can cause antagonistic, addictive or synergist interactions (Rahman & James, 1993). However, researches about the herbicides and insecticides mixtures and its effects on the microorganisms are poorly reported.…”

Corn Response to Mesotrione as Affected by Soil Insecticide, Application Method, and Rate

“…Herbicide‐insecticide interactions have the potential to cause corn ( Zea mays L.) injury and yield loss. For example, the use of organophosphate (OP) soil insecticides in combination with sulfonylurea herbicides results in corn injury and yield losses up to 54% (2,5,6,8,9,10). OP insecticides reduce the rate at which the cytochrome P450 enzyme metabolizes sulfonylurea herbicides, resulting in a higher concentration of the herbicide remaining in the plant longer than if no insecticide was used (1,4).…”

“…Previous research indicated that soil‐applied terbufos followed by a postemergence (POST) application of a sulfonylurea herbicide caused more severe corn injury than other soil‐applied OP insecticides followed by a POST application of a sulfonylurea (2,3). In‐furrow applications of terbufos resulted in more severe corn injury from sulfonylurea herbicides than band applications of terbufos (2,10). Uptake and translocation of the insecticide within corn by plants may be the primary factor contributing to injury from the interaction of an OP insecticide and sulfonylurea herbicide.…”

Defining Interactions of Herbicides with Other Crop Protection Products Applied to Peanut

“…Acephate and aldicarb applied in the seed furrow at planting did not affect injury potential of peanut following postemergence application of acifluorfen plus bentazon or bentazon; however, the insecticide phorate applied in the seed furrow enhanced visible injury associated with bentazon, although this injury was generally transient (Swann and Herbert, 1999). Although interactions of nicosulfuron (Bailey and Kapusta, 1994;Morton et al, 1994;Rahman and James, 1993) and pyrithiobac-sodium (Allen and Snipes, 1995) increased injury in corn (Zea mays L.) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), respectively. However, chlorpyrifos applied at planting did not affect peanut response to diclosulam, S-metolachlor, or flumioxazin applied preemergence or acifluorfen, acifluorfen plus bentazon, imazapic, or paraquat plus bentazon applied postemergence .…”