“…The introduction of an earth-abundant and non-precious co-catalyst is an effective approach to improve the catalytic activity and durability as well as to lower the cost of Pt-based catalysts. 3,6,8,9 Several metal oxides such as WO x , 10,11 MoO x , 12,13 CeO 2 , 14,15 and SnO 2 , 16 as well as main group elements such as P (ref. 17) and N, 18 have been used to promote Pt in methanol oxidation.…”