Enhanced activation of eosinophils in peripheral blood and implications for eosinophilic esophagitis diagnosis

Botan, Valéria; Borges, Tatiana Karla dos Santos; Alves, Érica Alessandra Rocha; Couto, Shirley Claudino Pereira; Seidler, Heinrich; Muniz‐Junqueira, Maria Imaculada

doi:10.1111/jgh.13710

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(73 reference statements)

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“…No specific blood markers for EoE diagnosis have been found so far. Eosinophilia in peripheral blood has quite often been demonstrated in patients with EoE, but not in each case [34,35]. The majority of our patients with EoE had peripheral eosinophilia compared to children from the control group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children in North-Eastern Poland

Zdanowicz

Kucharska

Sobaniec-Łotowska

et al. 2020

JCM

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Background: An increase in the incidence of eosinophilic esophagitis worldwide is being observed in children. The aim of the study was to analyze the incidence, clinical manifestations, biochemical markers and endoscopic features of children with eosinophilic esophagitis in comparison to patients with non-eosinophilic esophagitis. Methods: This single-center retrospective study included newly diagnosed children with eosinophilic (EoE) and non-eosinophilic (non-EoE) esophagitis based on endoscopic and histopathological results between January 2013 and December 2018. Result: Among 433 of enrolled children with esophagitis, 36 (8.31%) were diagnosed with EoE (median age of 10 years). Male predominance and an increased percentage of allergy cases in the EoE group were noticed. Dysphagia was the only symptom that significantly differentiated both groups (p = 0.006). Endoscopic findings with relevant relationships with EoE included linear fissuring, decreased vascular pattern, trachealization and whitish exudates. No significant difference in the prevalence of other reported diseases between groups was observed. Conclusion: The results of EoE analysis in children from North-Eastern Poland did not differ from reports from other countries. The reported symptoms were not specific for EoE, and only dysphagia and some endoscopic lesions were helpful to differentiate children with EoE from non-EoE.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 56%

Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children in North-Eastern Poland

Zdanowicz

Kucharska

Sobaniec-Łotowska

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…Additionally, considering the association between activation state of blood eosinophils and symptomatology of esophageal inflammatory disease, Botan et al (2017) demonstrate that morphological changes in the cells were significantly higher in individuals with eosinophilic esophagitis than in the control group. Among the alterations described are spread cells, pseudopods, cytoplasmic vacuoles, moderate, and large granule release, and clusters of free eosinophil granules, as analyzed by optical microscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Our data suggest that the glass adherence may reveal the state of activation-associated morphology of these eosinophils. This methodology appears to be a more reliable indication of what will happen when these cells migrate to target tissue, such as pulmonary tissue in asthmatic patients or esophageal tissue in eosinophilic esophagitis patients (Muniz-Junqueira et al, 2013; Botan et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They contain several mediators necessary to regulate both innate and adaptive immune responses (Jacobsen et al, 2012; Weller and Spencer, 2017). Numerous studies show a role for the eosinophil in disease, including allergic diseases, such as asthma, atopic dermatitis, chronic urticaria, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, and the hypereosinophilic syndrome (Gleich, 2000), skin diseases (Long et al, 2016), eosinophilic esophagitis (Cianferoni and Spergel, 2016; Botan et al, 2017) and gastrointestinal disorders (Uppal et al, 2016). Furthermore, they are also implicated in host defense against helminth infections and as a cause of inflammation and tissue damage in parasitic, viral, fungal, and bacterial infections (Ravin and Loy, 2016), and there is evidence for the cytotoxic effect of eosinophils on tumor cells (Davis and Rothenberg, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atomic Force Microscopy Is a Potent Technique to Study Eosinophil Activation

et al. 2019

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Eosinophils are multifunctional cells with several functions both in healthy individuals, and those with several diseases. Increased number and morphological changes in eosinophils have been correlated with the severity of an acute asthma exacerbation. We measured eosinophils obtained from healthy controls and individuals with acute asthma using atomic force microscopy (AFM). In the control samples, cells showed more rounded morphologies with some spreading, while activated cells from symptomatic individuals were spreading, and presenting emission of multiple pseudopods. Eosinophils presenting separate granules close to the cells suggesting some degranulation was also increased in asthma samples. In comparison to histopathological techniques based on brightfield microscopy, AFM showed considerably more details of these morphological changes, making the technique much more sensitive to detect eosinophil morphological changes that indicate functional alteration of this cell. AFM could be an important tool to evaluate diseases with alterations in eosinophil functions.

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“…Arguably, the best evidence for the role of IL-5 in human asthma is the success of humanized, monoclonal anti-IL-5 antibodies in treating eosinophilic asthma although their ability to decrease remodeling in human tissues is not clear. Peripheral blood from patients with active EoE have increased frequency of circulating activated eosinophils and IL-5-expressing CD4 + T cells, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells from EoE patients produce significantly more IL-5 compared to healthy controls when stimulated with house dust mites, ragweed, milk, Aspergillus fumigatus , or soy ( 55 – 59 ). Upregulated local expression of IL-5 promotes eosinophilic trafficking to the esophagus ( 60 – 62 ).…”

Section: Molecular Mechanisms Of Tissue Remodelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Remodeling in Chronic Eosinophilic Esophageal Inflammation: Parallels in Asthma and Therapeutic Perspectives

Nhu

Aceves

2017

Front. Med.

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Chronic eosinophilic inflammation is associated with tissue remodeling and fibrosis in a number of chronic T-helper 2 (Th2)-mediated diseases including eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and asthma. Chronic inflammation results in dysregulated tissue healing, leading to fibrosis and end organ dysfunction, manifesting clinically as irreversible airway obstruction in asthma and as esophageal rigidity, strictures, narrowing, dysmotility, dysphagia, and food impactions in EoE. Current therapies for EoE and asthma center on reducing inflammation-driven tissue remodeling and fibrosis with corticosteroids, coupled with symptomatic control and allergen avoidance. Additional control of Th2 inflammation can be achieved in select asthma patients with biologic therapies such as anti-IL-5 and anti-IL-13 antibodies, which have also been trialed in EoE. Recent molecular analysis suggests an emerging role for structural cell dysfunction, either inherited or acquired, in the pathogenesis and progression of EoE and asthma tissue remodeling. In addition, new data suggest that inflammation-independent end organ rigidity can alter structural cell function. Herein, we review emerging data and concepts for the pathogenesis of tissue remodeling and fibrosis primarily in EoE and relevant pathogenetic parallels in asthma, focusing additionally on emerging disease-specific therapies and the ability of these therapies to reduce tissue remodeling in subsets of patients.

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Enhanced activation of eosinophils in peripheral blood and implications for eosinophilic esophagitis diagnosis

Cited by 11 publications

References 33 publications

Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children in North-Eastern Poland

Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children in North-Eastern Poland

Atomic Force Microscopy Is a Potent Technique to Study Eosinophil Activation

Tissue Remodeling in Chronic Eosinophilic Esophageal Inflammation: Parallels in Asthma and Therapeutic Perspectives

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