Enhanced 2.7 μm mid-infrared emission and energy transfer mechanism in Er3+/Nd3+ codoped tellurite glass

Praseodymium ion doped phosphate glasses for integrated broadband ion-exchanged waveguide amplifier

“…In order to expand the bandwidth and increase the population distribution of specific energy levels, some RE 3+ co-doped schemes such as Er 3+ /Yb 3+ , Tm 3+ /Er 3+ , Tm 3+ /Yb 3+ , Er 3+ /Nd 3+ and Ho 3+ /Er 3+ [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] have been explored. However, the favorable doping host is low-phonon glasses such as sulfide, halide, tellurite and heavy-metal oxide glasses, which are almost impossible to fabricate the channel waveguide devices unless special equipment and complicated technique are employed.…”

Bandwidth enhancement of MIR emission in Yb3+/Er3+/Dy3+triply doped fluoro-tellurite glass

“…In the current decade, much progress evolved on the low phonon (~750 cm −1 ) tellurium oxide based glasses and even fibers are commercially available which are transparent up to ~5 µm [15]. Ln 3+ ions such as Er 3+ [14,[16][17][18][19][20], Ho 3+ [21][22][23], Dy 3+ [24][25][26] doped tellurite glasses are rigorously explored for the development of efficient MIR solid state laser sources. To enhance the absorption pump power at the excitation wavelength so as to increase the efficiency of MIR emissions, co-doping of Ln 3+ ions have been reported [10,19,20,23,[27][28][29][30][31] in a variety of host materials and in fact it showed better results compared to Ln 3+ ions' singly doped systems.…”

“…Ln 3+ ions such as Er 3+ [14,[16][17][18][19][20], Ho 3+ [21][22][23], Dy 3+ [24][25][26] doped tellurite glasses are rigorously explored for the development of efficient MIR solid state laser sources. To enhance the absorption pump power at the excitation wavelength so as to increase the efficiency of MIR emissions, co-doping of Ln 3+ ions have been reported [10,19,20,23,[27][28][29][30][31] in a variety of host materials and in fact it showed better results compared to Ln 3+ ions' singly doped systems. However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no studies/reports on the bandwidth enhancement of MIR emission in combination of Ln 3+ ions.…”

Role of Yb3+ ions on enhanced ~2.9 μm emission from Ho3+ ions in low phonon oxide glass system

“…In this contest, tellurite glasses (transparency upto ~6 μm) have been under strenuous study because of their advantages over fluoride and chalcogenide based glasses. There are few reports on ~2.7 μm emission from Er 3+ ions 8 9 10 , ~2.8 μm, ~4 μm from Ho 3+ ions 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 and ~2.9 μm, ~3.3 μm from Dy 3+ ions 15 16 when doped in tellurite glasses. However, the reported ~4 μm emission from Ho 3+ ions is subject to revision since harmonic peak of Ho 3+ : ~2 μm emission arises exactly at ~4 μm and it is very difficult to eliminate this harmonic peak unless one suppresses the ~2 μm emission by using a proper high pass IR cut-on filter >2 μm.…”