Engines and Effects of Lead-Free Gasoline

Felt, A. E.; Kerley, R. V.

doi:10.4271/710367

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…lease from Lake Erie sediments by Burns and Ross (11) and the accumulation of P in the hypolimnion of Lake Mendota by Sonzogni (12). The release of sediment P has also been measured in the laboratory (6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21) and in situ (21, 22). The results are summarized in Table I.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The worldwide trend to reduce lead addition to gasoline in order to reduce lead emission to the atmosphere is likely to have the effect of increasing the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in order to maintain the knock resistance of the fuel ( 14); a number of investigations have shown that this leads to increased PAH emission (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Other investigations (21,22) indicate that fuel PAH content has a stronger influence on PAH emission than does fuel aromatic content.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the investigations dealing with the total PAH emission (15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22) in general it has not been possible to vary only one important parameter at a time. As an example of this, the investigation of the effects on PAH emission of fuel lead content has been performed with a simultaneous variation in octane number, which is a general measure of the reaction rate of the fuel, at least with regard to the preflame reactions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of fuel, lubricant, and engine operating parameters on the emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Pedersen¹,

Ingwersen²,

Nielsen³

et al. 1980

Environ. Sci. Technol.

125

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The effects of fuel, lubricant, and engine operating parameters on the emission of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) associated with particles were studied by means of an automobile engine operated with a number of special fuels under steady-state conditions. More than 90% of the mass of the heavier PAHs (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene) was found on particles with a diameter below 1 gm, while for the light PAHs, a substantial part was in the vapor phase. The aromatic content, the type of aromatic fraction, and the PAH content of the fuel and lubricant had a strong effect on particle-bonded PAH emission; in comparison to this, the lead content of the fuel was of minor importance. The lubricant itself had only slight influence on particle-bonded PAH emission. This varied with the air:fuel ratio in a manner similar to.particulate matter and to unburned hydrocarbons, showing high emissions at very rich as well as very lean mixtures. On increasing the engine load, the particle-bonded PAH emission increased.

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