Engineering single-atom catalysts toward biomedical applications

Chang, Baisong; Zhang, Liqin; Wu, Shaolong; Sun, Ziyan; Cheng, Zhen

doi:10.1039/d1cs00421b

Cited by 59 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 445 publications

(667 reference statements)

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“…The significant synthetic application of cyclic aryliodoniums as arylation reagents has been achieved, and their other potential application remains to be explored. Metallic catalysts have exhibited high reactivity to catalyze various transformations. − However, they have some disadvantages, for example, possible metal contamination of products and pollution of environments. , Organocatalysts possess some privileges such as excellent air and moisture stability and pose no contamination of products. − More recently, halogen bonding (XB), the noncovalent interaction of Lewis bases with an electron-deficient halogen atom, has attracted increased attention in the research field of chemistry. ,− Thereby, the discovery of efficient halogen-containing motifs as XB donors has been subjected to intense research.…”

Section: Synthetic Applications Of Cyclic Aryliodoniumsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Cyclic Aryliodonium Chemistry: Syntheses and Applications

et al. 2023

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Hypervalent aryliodoumiums are intensively investigated as arylating agents. They are excellent surrogates to aryl halides, and moreover they exhibit better reactivity, which allows the corresponding arylation reactions to be performed under mild conditions. In the past decades, acyclic aryliodoniums are widely explored as arylation agents. However, the unmet need for acyclic aryliodoniums is the improvement of their notoriously low reaction economy because the coproduced aryl iodides during the arylation are often wasted. Cyclic aryliodoniums have their intrinsic advantage in terms of reaction economy, and they have started to receive considerable attention due to their valuable synthetic applications to initiate cascade reactions, which can enable the construction of complex structures, including polycycles with potential pharmaceutical and functional properties. Here, we are summarizing the recent advances made in the research field of cyclic aryliodoniums, including the nascent design of aryliodonium species and their synthetic applications. First, the general preparation of typical diphenyl iodoniums is described, followed by the construction of heterocyclic iodoniums and monoaryl iodoniums. Then, the initiated arylations coupled with subsequent domino reactions are summarized to construct polycycles. Meanwhile, the advances in cyclic aryliodoniums for building biaryls including axial atropisomers are discussed in a systematic manner. Finally, a very recent advance of cyclic aryliodoniums employed as halogen-bonding organocatalysts is described.

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Section: Synthetic Applications Of Cyclic Aryliodoniumsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Cyclic Aryliodonium Chemistry: Syntheses and Applications

et al. 2023

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“…Recently, the investigation of singleatom catalysts on various support materials is emerging as an important front in heterogeneous catalysis. [101][102][103][104][105][106] The highly dynamic nature of nanoscale catalysts led to new opportunities to explore single-atom catalysis with high efficiency, activity, and selectivity, but poses challenging issues in understanding the atomic-scale controllability. Many basic problems in heterogeneous catalysis are tied with the ever-challenging understanding of the detailed synergy of the surface sites associated with adsorption, surface reaction, and desorption processes in real-time under the reaction conditions.…”

Section: The Problems In Heterogeneous Catalysis Addressed By In Situ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Heterogeneous Catalysts under Reaction Conditions by In Situ/Operando Electron Microscopy

Cheng

Wang

Chen

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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The advancement of clean energy and environment depends strongly on the development of efficient catalysts in a wide range of heterogeneous catalytic reactions, which has benefited from transmission electron microscopic techniques in determining the atomic‐scale morphologies and structures. However, it is the morphology and structure under the catalytic reaction conditions that determine the performance of the catalyst, which has captured a surge of interest in developing and applying in situ/operando transmission electron microscopic techniques in heterogeneous catalysis. The major theme of this review is to highlight some of the most recent insights into heterogeneous catalysts under the relevant reaction conditions using in situ/operando transmission electron microscopic techniques. Rather than a comprehensive overview of the basic principles of in situ/operando techniques, this review focuses on the insights into the atomic‐scale/nanoscale details of various catalysts ranging from single‐component to multicomponent catalysts under heterogeneous catalytic, electrocatalytic, and photocatalytic reaction conditions involving both gas–solid and liquid–solid interfaces. This focus is coupled with discussions of the correlation of the atomic, molecular, and nanoscale morphology, composition, and structure with the catalytic properties under the reaction conditions, shining light on the challenges and opportunities in design of nanostructured catalysts for clean and sustainable energy applications.

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“…They have shown great potential in energy-related catalysis owing to the (1) maximization of the percentage of metal atoms as active sites; (2) increase of the effective active site density; (3) regulation of the central metal atoms and coordination environments; and (4) adjustment of the electronic structure. [27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] Benefiting from the simple and precise single metal-based active sites, their catalytic performance can be easily regulated, which helps to overcome the high activation barriers and the sluggish kinetics in eCO 2 RR, and therefore SACs have recently been developed in eCO 2 RR with excellent selectivity and activity, opening a way to improve the CO 2 conversion. In addition, their simplicity has allowed one to deeply and comprehensively understand the relationship between the structures and their catalytic performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%