Engineering salt tolerance in plants

Apse, Maris P.; Blumwald, Eduardo

doi:10.1016/s0958-1669(02)00298-7

Cited by 373 publications

(204 citation statements)

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“…Increased synthesis of inositol and its transport has been shown previously to play a major role in sequestration of sodium ions and maintenance of photosynthetic competence during salt stress (42,46). A protective role for inositol in maintaining the photosynthetic efficiency of the plants, as demonstrated previously for other osmolytes like glycine-betaine or proline (43,(47)(48), may also be inferred from such results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

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A Novel Salt-tolerant l-myo-Inositol-1-phosphate Synthase from Porteresia coarctata (Roxb.) Tateoka, a Halophytic Wild Rice

Majee

Maitra

Dastidar

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

172

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L-myo-Inositol-1-phosphate synthase (EC 5.5.1.4, MIPS), an evolutionarily conserved enzyme protein, catalyzes the synthesis of inositol, which is implicated in a number of metabolic reactions in the biological kingdom. Here we report on the isolation of the gene (PINO1) for a novel salt-tolerant MIPS from the wild halophytic rice, Porteresia coarctata (Roxb.) Tateoka. Identity of the PINO1 gene was confirmed by functional complementation in a yeast inositol auxotrophic strain. Comparison of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of PINO1 with that of the homologous gene from Oryza sativa L. (RINO1) revealed distinct differences in a stretch of 37 amino acids, between amino acids 174 and 210. Purified bacterially expressed PINO1 protein demonstrated a salt-tolerant character in vitro compared with the salt-sensitive RINO1 protein as with those purified from the native source or an expressed salt-sensitive mutant PINO1 protein wherein amino acids 174 -210 have been deleted. Analysis of the salt effect on oligomerization and tryptophan fluorescence of the RINO1 and PINO1 proteins revealed that the structure of PINO1 protein is stable toward salt environment. Furthermore, introgression of PINO1 rendered transgenic tobacco plants capable of growth in 200 -300 mM NaCl with retention of ϳ40 -80% of the photosynthetic competence with concomitant increased inositol production compared with unstressed control. MIPS protein isolated from PINO1 transgenics showed salt-tolerant property in vitro confirming functional expression in planta of the PINO1 gene. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a salt-tolerant MIPS from any source.Inositols are six-carbon cyclohexane hexitols found ubiquitously in the biological kingdom, and its metabolism plays a vital role in growth regulation, membrane biogenesis, osmotolerance, and in many other processes. As phosphorylated derivatives, its role as a phosphorus store and as a "second messenger" in signal transduction pathways has long been recognized. myo-Inositol, physiologically the most favored stereoisomer among the eight possible geometric isomers of inositol, also enters into an array of biochemical reactions having diverse functions in cellular metabolism both as free and conjugated and phosphorylated or methylated forms (1-3).The primary enzyme for the synthesis of L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate from glucose 6-phosphate is L-myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (EC 5.5.1.4; referred to as MIPS), 1 which synthesizes L-myo-inositol 1-phosphate through an internal oxidoreduction reaction involving NAD ϩ . Free inositol is generated by dephosphorylation of the MIPS product by a specific Mg 2ϩ -dependent inositol-1-phosphate phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.25). This mechanism is followed by all myo-inositolproducing organisms throughout the phylogenetic lines, and MIPS has been identified as an evolutionarily conserved protein (4). The structural gene coding for cytosolic MIPS, termed INO1, was first identified in yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (5, 6) and cloned by Klig and Henry (7)....

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Metabolic engineering of various pathways for production of osmolytes including polyols during salt stress have been at-tempted by a number of investigators (43,(47)(48). Regulation of inositol pathway in relation to salt stress has also been studied earlier (21,42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Salt-tolerant l-myo-Inositol-1-phosphate Synthase from Porteresia coarctata (Roxb.) Tateoka, a Halophytic Wild Rice

Majee

Maitra

Dastidar

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

172

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“…It is known that Na concentration around the roots produces an increase in the electrochemical potential for Na, which favors its passive transport from the exterior to the cytosol (Blumwald, 2000;Apse and Blumwald, 2002). 'Lluteño' accumulated less Na + in leaves than 'Jubilee'.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of salt stress on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves in two contrasting corn, Lluteño and Jubilee

Carrasco-Ríos

Pinto

2014

Chilean J. Agric. Res.

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“…Zhu 2001;Apse and Blumwald 2002). Although the optimism continues, at least guardedly, it has now been tempered by the realisation that 'in the field, plants are subjected to various stresses simultaneously and the constraints (may) extend throughout their lifetimes' (Hirayama and Shinozaki 2010).…”

Section: Moving Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

The integration of activity in saline environments: problems and perspectives

Cheeseman

2013

Functional Plant Biol.

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Abstract. The successful integration of activity in saline environments requires flexibility of responses at all levels, from genes to life cycles. Because plants are complex systems, there is no 'best' or 'optimal' solution and with respect to salt, glycophytes and halophytes are only the ends of a continuum of responses and possibilities. In this review, I briefly examine seven major aspects of plant function and their responses to salinity including transporters, secondary stresses, carbon acquisition and allocation, water and transpiration, growth and development, reproduction, and cytosolic function and 'integrity'. I conclude that new approaches are needed to move towards understanding either organismal integration or 'salt tolerance', especially cessation of protocols dependent on sudden, often lethal, shock treatments and the embracing of systems level resources. Some of the tools needed to understand the integration of activity and even 'salt stress' are already in hand, such as those for whole-transcriptome analysis. Others, ranging from discovery studies of the nature of the cytosol to expanded tool kits for proteomic, metabolomic and epigenomic studies, still need to be further developed. After resurrecting the distinction between applied stress and the resultant strain and noting that with respect to salinity, the strain is manifest in changes at all -omic levels, I conclude that it should be possible to model and quantify stress responses.

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Engineering salt tolerance in plants

Cited by 373 publications

References 44 publications

A Novel Salt-tolerant l-myo-Inositol-1-phosphate Synthase from Porteresia coarctata (Roxb.) Tateoka, a Halophytic Wild Rice

A Novel Salt-tolerant l-myo-Inositol-1-phosphate Synthase from Porteresia coarctata (Roxb.) Tateoka, a Halophytic Wild Rice

Effect of salt stress on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves in two contrasting corn, Lluteño and Jubilee

The integration of activity in saline environments: problems and perspectives

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Engineering salt tolerance in plants

Cited by 373 publications

References 44 publications

A Novel Salt-tolerant l-myo-Inositol-1-phosphate Synthase from Porteresia coarctata (Roxb.) Tateoka, a Halophytic Wild Rice

A Novel Salt-tolerant l-myo-Inositol-1-phosphate Synthase from Porteresia coarctata (Roxb.) Tateoka, a Halophytic Wild Rice

Effect of salt stress on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves in two contrasting corn, &#145;Lluteño&#146; and &#145;Jubilee

The integration of activity in saline environments: problems and perspectives

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Effect of salt stress on antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves in two contrasting corn, Lluteño and Jubilee