Engineering Interfacial Fast Ion Channels toward Highly Stable Zn Metal Batteries

Abstract

The development of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) is hindered by dendrites and side reactions, such as interfacial byproducts, corrosion, and hydrogen evolution. The construction of an artificial interface protective layer on the surface of the zinc anode has been extensively researched due to its strong operability and potential for large-scale application. In this study, we have designed an organic hydrophobic hybrid inorganic intercalation composite coating to achieve stable Zn 2+ plating/ stripping. The hydrophobic poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) effectively prevents direct contact between free water and the zinc anode, thereby mitigating the risk of dendrite formation. Simultaneously, the inorganic layer of vanadium phosphate (VOPO 4 •2H 2 O) after the insertion of polyaniline (PA) establishes a robust ion channel for facilitating rapid transport of Zn 2+ , thus promoting uniform electric field distribution and reducing concentration polarization. As a result, the performance of the modified composite PVDF/PA-VOP@Zn anode exhibited significant enhancement compared with that of the bare zinc anode. The assembled symmetric cell exhibits an exceptionally prolonged lifespan of 3070 h at a current density of 1 mA cm −2 , while the full battery employing KVO as the cathode demonstrates a remarkable capability to undergo 2000 cycles at 5 A g −1 with a capacity retention rate of 78.2%. This study offers valuable insights into the anodic modification strategy for AZIBs.