Bacterial antimicrobial resistance is posed to become
a major hazard
to global health in the 21st century. An aggravating issue is the
stalled antibiotic research pipeline, which requires the development
of new therapeutic strategies to combat antibiotic-resistant infections.
Nanotechnology has entered into this scenario bringing up the opportunity
to use nanocarriers capable of transporting and delivering antimicrobials
to the target site, overcoming bacterial resistant barriers. Among
them, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) are receiving growing
attention due to their unique features, including large drug loading
capacity, biocompatibility, tunable pore sizes and volumes, and functionalizable
silanol-rich surface. This perspective article outlines the recent
research advances in the design and development of organically modified
MSNs to fight bacterial infections. First, a brief introduction to
the different mechanisms of bacterial resistance is presented. Then,
we review the recent scientific approaches to engineer multifunctional
MSNs conceived as an assembly of inorganic and organic building blocks,
against bacterial resistance. These elements include specific ligands
to target planktonic bacteria, intracellular bacteria, or bacterial
biofilm; stimuli-responsive entities to prevent antimicrobial cargo
release before arriving at the target; imaging agents for diagnosis;
additional constituents for synergistic combination antimicrobial
therapies; and aims to improve the therapeutic outcomes. Finally,
this manuscript addresses the current challenges and future perspectives
on this hot research area.