Engineering highly active Ag/Nb2O5@Nb2CT  (MXene) photocatalysts via steering charge kinetics strategy

Peng, Chao; Xie, Xi; Xu, Wangjie; Zhou, Tao; Wei, Ping; Jia, Jianbo; Zhang, Kun; Cao, Yonghai; Wang, Hongjuan; Peng, Feng; Yang, Rui; Yan, Xiaoxing; Pan, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.128766

Cited by 86 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…The apparent existence of the (002) peak of MXene shows that the structure of MXene nanosheets is stable during ball milling, which is different from the disappearance of the XRD peak of MXene after the hydrothermal synthesis experiment. 40,41 Furthermore, the (002) peak of MXene in HC-MXene/TiO 2 widens and shifts to a lower degree, from 2θ = 7.3°for pure MXene to 6.9°for the HC-MXene/TiO 2 , corresponding to the increase of layer spacing from 12.2 to14.2 Å based on Bragg's equation. The interlayer spacing of MXene becomes larger probably because of the combined effect of shearing force and in situ generation of TiO 2 nanorods between the MXene layers during high energy ball milling, which can improve the access to active sites on the MXene surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MXene/TiO₂ Heterostructure-Decorated Hard Carbon with Stable Ti–O–C Bonding for Enhanced Sodium-Ion Storage

Gao

Shi

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Hard carbon (HC) has attracted considerable attention in the application of sodium-ion battery (SIB) anodes, but the poor realistic capacity and low rate performance severely hinder their practical application. Herein we report a solvent mechanochemical protocol for the in situ fabrication of the HC-MXene/TiO 2 electrode by functionalizing MXene to improve the electrochemical performance of the batteries. MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups reacts with HC particles in the ball milling process to form a Ti−O−C covalent cross-linked HC-MXene composite, in which the edge of the MXene nanosheets is in situ oxidized by air to form TiO 2 nanorods, forming a regular 1D/2D MXene/TiO 2 heterojunction structure. Ti− O−C covalent bonding can protect the heterojunction structures from pulverization and detachment from the current collector during charge/discharge cycles due to sodium-ion intercalation/detachment, thus improving the stability of the electrode structure. Meanwhile, the MXene/TiO 2 heterojunction can form a 3D conductive network and provide more active sites. The resulting HC-MXene/TiO 2 electrode exhibits superior electrode capacity (660 mAh g −1 ), making it a promising anode material for SIBs. This simple and efficient method for preparing MXene/TiO 2 heterojunction-decorated HC provides a new perspective on the structural design of MXene and carbon material composites for SIBs. KEYWORDS: hard carbon, Ti 3 C 2 T x , TiO 2 nanorods, ball milling, sodium-ion batteries

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

MXene/TiO₂ Heterostructure-Decorated Hard Carbon with Stable Ti–O–C Bonding for Enhanced Sodium-Ion Storage

Gao

Shi

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…were separately estimated to be 15.49 and 17.52 eV by extrapolating the straight portion of the UPS curve at high binding energy region to zero. It was demonstrated that the work function of semiconductors could be calculated by subtracting the cutoff energy from the photon energy of the He I light source (21.2 eV) [53]. Thus, the work functions of the-calcinedTiO2 film and calcined keratin char-TiO2 composite film were 5.71 and 3.68 eV with respect to the vacuum level.…”

Section: Energy Band Gap Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Properties of a Novel Keratin char-TiO2 Composite Films Made through the Calcination of Wool Keratin Coatings Containing TiO2 Precursors

Zhang

et al. 2021

Catalysts

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In this study, the photocatalytic properties of novel keratin char-TiO2 composite films, made through the calcination of wool keratin coatings containing TiO2 precursors at 400 °C, were investigated for the photodegradation of organic contaminants under visible light irradiation. Its structural characteristics and photocatalytic performance were systematically examined. It was shown that a self-cleaning hydrophobic keratin char-TiO2 composite film containing meso- and micro-pores was formed after the keratin—TiO2 precursors coating was calcined. In comparison with calcinated TiO2 films, the keratin char-TiO2 composite films doped with the elements of C, N, and S from keratins resulted in decreased crystallinity and a larger water contact angle. The bandgap of the char-TiO2 composite films increased slightly from 3.26 to 3.32 eV, and its separation of photogenerated charge carriers was inhibited to a certain degree. However, it exhibited higher photodegradation efficiency to methyl blue (MB) effluents than the pure calcinated TiO2 films. This was mainly because of its special porous structure, large water contact angle, and high adsorption energy towards organic pollutants, confirmed by the density functional theory calculations. The main active species were 1O2 radicals in the MB photodegradation process.

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“…Different from high-temperature processes (> 500 °C) discussed above, MXene/CNT hybrids can be prepared by hydrothermal reactions at relatively low temperatures (< 250 °C), which can greatly protect MXenes from being oxidized. [92] Generally, MXenes and precursors are placed into an autoclave to perform the hydrothermal reaction at a moderate temperature level with increased pressure, as shown in Figure 3h. [93] For example, Xu et al synthesized Ti 3 C 2 T x /CNT hybrids by a hydrothermal reaction at 200 °C under Ar where sodium alginate was used as the precursor.…”

Section: Hydrothermal Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

MXene/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids: Synthesis, Structures, Properties, and Applications

Zhou

et al. 2021

ChemSusChem

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tectures have been synthesized by a number of methods and applied in numerous fields. Herein, after the discussion about general synthesis approaches, architectures, and properties of the hybrids, this Review summarized the recent advances in the application of MXene/CNT hybrids in energy storage devices, sensors, electrocatalysis, electromagnetic interference shielding, and water treatment, in which the function of individual components was clarified. In the end, the current research trend in this field were discussed and several technical issues were highlighted along with some suggestions on future research directions.

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Engineering highly active Ag/Nb2O5@Nb2CT (MXene) photocatalysts via steering charge kinetics strategy

Cited by 86 publications

References 83 publications

MXene/TiO₂ Heterostructure-Decorated Hard Carbon with Stable Ti–O–C Bonding for Enhanced Sodium-Ion Storage

MXene/TiO₂ Heterostructure-Decorated Hard Carbon with Stable Ti–O–C Bonding for Enhanced Sodium-Ion Storage

Photocatalytic Properties of a Novel Keratin char-TiO2 Composite Films Made through the Calcination of Wool Keratin Coatings Containing TiO2 Precursors

MXene/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids: Synthesis, Structures, Properties, and Applications

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Engineering highly active Ag/Nb2O5@Nb2CT (MXene) photocatalysts via steering charge kinetics strategy

Cited by 86 publications

References 83 publications

MXene/TiO2 Heterostructure-Decorated Hard Carbon with Stable Ti–O–C Bonding for Enhanced Sodium-Ion Storage

MXene/TiO2 Heterostructure-Decorated Hard Carbon with Stable Ti–O–C Bonding for Enhanced Sodium-Ion Storage

Photocatalytic Properties of a Novel Keratin char-TiO2 Composite Films Made through the Calcination of Wool Keratin Coatings Containing TiO2 Precursors

MXene/Carbon Nanotube Hybrids: Synthesis, Structures, Properties, and Applications

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Product

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MXene/TiO₂ Heterostructure-Decorated Hard Carbon with Stable Ti–O–C Bonding for Enhanced Sodium-Ion Storage

MXene/TiO₂ Heterostructure-Decorated Hard Carbon with Stable Ti–O–C Bonding for Enhanced Sodium-Ion Storage