In 1980 Santa Rosa Dam began impounding water on the Pecos River about 7 miles north of Santa Rosa, New Mexico, to provide flood control, sediment control, and storage for irrigation.Santa Rosa Lake has caused changes in the ground-water-flow system, which may cause changes in the streamflow of the Pecos River that cannot be detected at the present streamflow-gaging stations. Data collected at these stations are used to measure the amount of water available for downstream users.A three-dimensional ground-water-flow model for a 950-square-mile area between Anton Chico and Puerto de Luna was used to simulate the effects of Santa Rosa Lake on ground-water flow to a gaining reach of the Pecos River for lake levels of 4, 675, 4,715, 4,725, 4,750, 4,776, and 4,797 feet above sea level and durations of impoundment of 30, 90, 182, and 365 days for all levels except 4,797 feet.These simulations indicated that streamflow in the Pecos River could increase by as much as 2 cubic feet per second between the dam and Puerto de Luna if the lake level were maintained at 4,797 feet for 90 days or 4,776 feet for 1 year.About 90 percent of this increased streamflow would occur less than 0.5 mile downstream from the dam, some of which would be measured at the streamflow-gaging station located 0.2 mile downstream from the dam.