Engineering disease resistant plants through CRISPR-Cas9 technology

Tyagi, Swati; Kumar, Robin; Kumar, Virendra; Won, So Youn; Shukla, Pratyoosh

doi:10.1080/21645698.2020.1831729

Cited by 70 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…These host-specific attackers must face with secondary barrier, i.e. effector-triggered immunity (ETI) [ 5 ]. In ETI plant disease resistance genes (R-genes) encode specific receptors, which following recognition of an effector protein originating from the pathogen activate subsequent immune responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic profiling of susceptible and resistant flax seedlings after Fusarium oxysporum lini infection

et al. 2021

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In this study transcriptome was analyzed on two fibrous varieties of flax: the susceptible Regina and the resistant Nike. The experiment was carried out on 2-week-old seedlings, because in this phase of development flax is the most susceptible to infection. We analyzed the whole seedlings, which allowed us to recognize the systemic response of the plants to the infection. We decided to analyze two time points: 24h and 48h, because our goal was to learn the mechanisms activated in the initial stages of infection, these points were selected based on the previous analysis of chitinase gene expression, whose increase in time of Fusarium oxysporum lini infection has been repeatedly confirmed both in the case of flax and other plant species. The results show that although qualitatively the responses of the two varieties are similar, it is the degree of the response that plays the role in the differences of their resistance to F. oxysporum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic profiling of susceptible and resistant flax seedlings after Fusarium oxysporum lini infection

et al. 2021

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“…The targeting of S -genes in crop species is a promising approach as opposed to transgenics in order to circumvent the regulatory hurdles and environmental concerns owing to stable overexpression of R -genes or CRISPR components [ 35 ]. A variety of CRISPR-based tools enable the precise editing of desirable loci in the plant genome [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Generation of Pathogen-Resistant Tomato against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and Powdery Mildew

Pramanik

Shelake

Park

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Tomato is one of the major vegetable crops consumed worldwide. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) and fungal Oidium sp. are devastating pathogens causing yellow leaf curl disease and powdery mildew. Such viral and fungal pathogens reduce tomato crop yields and cause substantial economic losses every year. Several commercial tomato varieties include Ty-5 (SlPelo) and Mildew resistance locus o 1 (SlMlo1) locus that carries the susceptibility (S-gene) factors for TYLCV and powdery mildew, respectively. The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) is a valuable genome editing tool to develop disease-resistant crop varieties. In this regard, targeting susceptibility factors encoded by the host plant genome instead of the viral genome is a promising approach to achieve pathogen resistance without the need for stable inheritance of CRISPR components. In this study, the CRISPR/Cas9 system was employed to target the SlPelo and SlMlo1 for trait introgression in elite tomato cultivar BN-86 to confer host-mediated immunity against pathogens. SlPelo-knockout lines were successfully generated, carrying the biallelic indel mutations. The pathogen resistance assays in SlPelo mutant lines confirmed the suppressed accumulation of TYLCV and restricted the spread to non-inoculated plant parts. Generated knockout lines for the SlMlo1 showed complete resistance to powdery mildew fungus. Overall, our results demonstrate the efficiency of the CRISPR/Cas9 system to introduce targeted mutagenesis for the rapid development of pathogen-resistant varieties in tomato.

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“…Subsequently, the second line of defense in plants is activated to respond to these effectors by recruiting resistance (R) genes. Signals from effector molecules activate R genes, thus leading to effector-triggered immunity (ETI) [ 37 ]. Both PTI and ETI result in the induction of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades that function as important signal transducers to channel information through protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation processes [ 38 ].…”

Section: General Mechanisms Of Fungal Pathogen Infection and Plant Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Enhancing Fungal Disease Resistance in Ornamental Plants

Mekapogu

Jung

Kwon

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Fungal diseases pose a major threat to ornamental plants, with an increasing percentage of pathogen-driven host losses. In ornamental plants, management of the majority of fungal diseases primarily depends upon chemical control methods that are often non-specific. Host basal resistance, which is deficient in many ornamental plants, plays a key role in combating diseases. Despite their economic importance, conventional and molecular breeding approaches in ornamental plants to facilitate disease resistance are lagging, and this is predominantly due to their complex genomes, limited availability of gene pools, and degree of heterozygosity. Although genetic engineering in ornamental plants offers feasible methods to overcome the intrinsic barriers of classical breeding, achievements have mainly been reported only in regard to the modification of floral attributes in ornamentals. The unavailability of transformation protocols and candidate gene resources for several ornamental crops presents an obstacle for tackling the functional studies on disease resistance. Recently, multiomics technologies, in combination with genome editing tools, have provided shortcuts to examine the molecular and genetic regulatory mechanisms underlying fungal disease resistance, ultimately leading to the subsequent advances in the development of novel cultivars with desired fungal disease-resistant traits, in ornamental crops. Although fungal diseases constitute the majority of ornamental plant diseases, a comprehensive overview of this highly important fungal disease resistance seems to be insufficient in the field of ornamental horticulture. Hence, in this review, we highlight the representative mechanisms of the fungal infection-related resistance to pathogens in plants, with a focus on ornamental crops. Recent progress in molecular breeding, genetic engineering strategies, and RNAi technologies, such as HIGS and SIGS for the enhancement of fungal disease resistance in various important ornamental crops, is also described.

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Engineering disease resistant plants through CRISPR-Cas9 technology

Cited by 70 publications

References 118 publications

Transcriptomic profiling of susceptible and resistant flax seedlings after Fusarium oxysporum lini infection

Transcriptomic profiling of susceptible and resistant flax seedlings after Fusarium oxysporum lini infection

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Generation of Pathogen-Resistant Tomato against Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and Powdery Mildew

Recent Progress in Enhancing Fungal Disease Resistance in Ornamental Plants

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