Engineering Changes in Product Design - A Review

Abstract

Abstract.Changes are fundamental to product development. Engineering changes are unavoidable and can arise at any phase of the product life cycle. The consideration of market requirements, customer/user feedbacks, manufacturing constraints, design innovations etc., turning them into viable products can be accomplished when product change is managed properly. In the early design cycle, informal changes are accepted. However, changes become formal when its complexity and cost increases, and as product matures. To maximize the market shares, manufacturers have to effectively and efficiently manage engineering changes by means of Configuration Control. The paper gives a broad overview about 'Engineering Change Management' (ECM) through configuration management and its implications in product design. The aim is to give an idea and understanding about the engineering changes in product design scenario to the new researchers. This paper elaborates the significant aspect of managing the engineering changes and the importance of ECM in a product life cycle.

Integrated PSS Roadmapping Using Customer Needs and Technology Change Likelihood

“…Changes can be caused internally, for example, due to errors in the technical functions of a product [47]. 3) Variety of environments: Changes made in laws, standards, and regulations as well as society after products are launched, weather, new company strategy, social/political factors, diversification, etc., [48], [49]…”

Characteristics of changeable systems across value chains

“…In change management (CM), throughout the entire product lifecycle focus is on the task of modifying a released system (Eisa, Garstenauer, and Blackburn 2018;Karthik and Reddy 2016). These systems could be products (engineering changes (EC); Ullah, Tang, and Yin 2016), or factory systems (manufacturing changes (MC); Koch, Gritsch, and Reinhart 2016).…”

Concepts of change propagation analysis in engineering design

“…Shapiro et al (2015) identify and review papers related to design process changes, classifying them according to whether they focus on change effects in terms of (1) change in activities; (2) change in deliverables; or (3) changes that impact the relationships between activities and/or deliverables. Chucholowski et al (2013) concentrate on reviewing the related topic of change cause analysis, while Karthik and Reddy (2016) present a comparative analysis of configuration management and change management. More recently, Tale-Yazdi et al (2019) review data analysis approaches in ECM, broadly categorising publications based on their use of either a-priori or a-posteriori analysis approaches.…”