Engineering analysis for lean premixed combustor design

Magruder, T. D.; McDonald, J. P.; Mellor, A. M.; Tonouchi, J. H.; Nicol, David G.; Malte, Philip C.

doi:10.2514/6.1995-3136

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In combustion terms, stoichiometry relates to the amount of air (oxidizer) required to oxidize a fixed amount of fuel. The stoichiometric amount of an oxidizer required for the complete combustion of a particular amount of fuel can be determined using a formula that requires the balancing of the atoms involved in the combustion process. − The air–fuel ratio can also be stated as the equivalence ratio, Φ, which is used to indicate whether the fuel mixture is stoichiometric, rich, or lean. The equivalence ratio is calculated as per eq .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, during the combustion process, a specific amount of air (oxidizer) is needed to oxidize a fixed amount of fuel. The air–fuel ratio in a process in which a stoichiometric amount of air (oxidizer) is needed for the complete combustion of a specific amount of fuel is defined as the equivalence ratio (Φ). − The equivalence ratio of the blended fuel in this work was characterized using eq . If the fuel is a rich mixture, Φ > 1, whereas if the fuel is a lean mixture, Φ < 1.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Combustion and Emission Performance of CO/NO_x/SO_x for Green Diesel Blends in a Swirl Burner

et al. 2020

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Green diesel is one of the alternative energy sources, which is found to be a second-generation biofuel. Green diesel has a similar molecular structure to petroleum diesel but has better diesel properties, sustainability, and environmental benignity. In this study, green diesel was synthesized from waste cooking oil via a deoxygenation reaction process and blended with petroleum diesel to assess the rate of greenhouse gas emissions. The fuel properties of the formed G100 (pure green diesel) were investigated, and the performance of G5 and G20 (a mixture of 5 and 20% green diesel in petroleum diesel) was tested for combustion in an oil burner. The overall test showed that the combustion of the blends of green diesel produced lower CO2 and SO2 emissions than that of petroleum diesel as a result of the rich oxygen-free fuel content. The obtained fuel properties of pure green diesel and blended green diesel are in compliance with ASTM D6751, ASTM D240-17, and EN 14214 standards. Based on these findings, it is shown that blended green diesel is a clean fuel for the environment and a promising alternative fuel for internal combustion engines.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion and Emission Performance of CO/NO_x/SO_x for Green Diesel Blends in a Swirl Burner

et al. 2020

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“…Roffe and Venkataramani (1978b) investigated the effect of flameholder geometry on emissions of LP NOx . A qualitative analysis of their results suggested that the velocity at the trailing edge of the flameholder (Viip) should be used in the definition of rsbinn , instead of the velocity at the trailing edge of the shear layer (VO) (Magruder et al, 1995). As was noted previously, the use of VO in r si,inn is a carryover from the CTM for thermal NO x emissions from diffusion flame combustors.…”

Section: Autoignition Of Fuel/air Mixturementioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Inlet Conditions for High Pressure NOx Measurements in Lean Premixed Combustors

McDonald

Mellor

1995

Volume 3: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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Semi–empirical characteristic time models (CTMs) for NOx emissions index (EI) and lean blowoff are used in the design of an inlet condition matrix for measurement of NOxEI from a lean premixed combustor. Such models relate either NOxEI or the weak extinction limit to times representing relevant physical and chemical processes in the combustor. Lean premixed (LP) natural gas/air combustion is considered for the following conditions: inlet temperature, 300–800 K; combustor pressure, 1–30 atm; and equivalence ratio, 0.5–0.7. The NOx model is used to determine combinations of inlet conditions corresponding to greatest NOx sensitivity. A dependence of NOx emissions on pressure is included in the model. Emissions of oxides of nitrogen are found to he most sensitive to variations in inlet temperature and combustor pressure, in the 560–800 K and 20–30 atm ranges, respectively, while sensitivity to variations in equivalence ratio is substantial over the entire range considered. Thus it is found that operating conditions for high thermal efficiency in LP turbine combustors conflict with the goal of lowering NOx emissions, a result consistent with thermal NOx from conventional, diffusion flame combustors. A lean blowoff model is used to estimate the lowest equivalence ratio at which a flame can he held, as well as to determine whether a flame can be stabilised at the operating conditions suggested by the NOx sensitivity analysis. The results suggest a nominal lower limit on equivalence ratio of 0.4, and that a flame can be held for most of the combinations of inlet conditions suggested by the NOx sensitivity analysis. Autoignition of the fuel/air mixture is also considered in relation to the location and/or design of the premixing system. The current NOx CTM is applied to LP natural gas fired data from the literature. A model modification, thought to better represent the fluid mechanics relevant to LP NOx formation, is applied, and its implications discussed.

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“…where m is a best fit slope based on regression analysis. The appropriate fluid mechanic time ( rsl, tno) is computed following Magruder et al (1995):…”

Section: Characterlstic Time Model For Piloted-lean Premixed No' Emismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Unmixedness in Piloted–Lean Premixed Gas Turbine Combustors

Barnes

Mellor

1997

Volume 2: Coal, Biomass and Alternative Fuels; Combustion and Fuels; Oil and Gas Applications; Cycle Innovations

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The characteristic time model (CTM) represents the dominant physical subprocesses related to combustor performance in terms of characteristic times. Properly formulated, these characteristic times account for variations in combustor geometry, fuel characteristics, and operating conditions. Here, a CTM for piloted–lean premixed combustor NOx emissions is used to investigate the sensitivity of NO formation in such combustors to fuel/air unmixedness and suggests an experimental method of evaluating premixed performance under fired conditions that is discussed in the companion paper.

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Engineering analysis for lean premixed combustor design

Cited by 8 publications

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Combustion and Emission Performance of CO/NO_x/SO_x for Green Diesel Blends in a Swirl Burner

Combustion and Emission Performance of CO/NO_x/SO_x for Green Diesel Blends in a Swirl Burner

Design of Inlet Conditions for High Pressure NOx Measurements in Lean Premixed Combustors

Effects of Unmixedness in Piloted–Lean Premixed Gas Turbine Combustors

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Engineering analysis for lean premixed combustor design

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Combustion and Emission Performance of CO/NOx/SOx for Green Diesel Blends in a Swirl Burner

Combustion and Emission Performance of CO/NOx/SOx for Green Diesel Blends in a Swirl Burner

Design of Inlet Conditions for High Pressure NOx Measurements in Lean Premixed Combustors

Effects of Unmixedness in Piloted–Lean Premixed Gas Turbine Combustors

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Product

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Combustion and Emission Performance of CO/NO_x/SO_x for Green Diesel Blends in a Swirl Burner

Combustion and Emission Performance of CO/NO_x/SO_x for Green Diesel Blends in a Swirl Burner