Engineering 3D‐Architected Gyroid MXene Scaffolds for Ultrasensitive Micromechanical Sensing

Abstract

A novel piezoresistive sensor based on ultralight 3D MXene scaffold (3DMS) is developed by a facile and architecturally versatile method using additively manufactured, polymer‐based gyroidal triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) as the initial sacrificial scaffold. A neat MXene scaffold with the gyroidal TPMS structure is prepared by dip coating MXene sheets onto 3D‐printed polymeric Gyroid lattices, followed by thermal treatment. 3DMS exhibits a high compressive strength of 27.18 kPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.3454 W m−1 K−1. The thermal conductivity of the MXene layer in the 3D structure can reach up to 23.88 Wm−1 K−1, which demonstrates that 3DMS has high versatility for all‐in‐one applications, such as thermal insulation, sensors, and energy storage. The 3DMS developed herein combines the high electrical conductivity of MXene (Ti3C2Tx), intricacy of the gyroidal structure, as well as high porosity, offering a promising platform for high‐performance sensors. In addition, the piezoresistive sensor shows extremely high sensitivity (134.48 kPa−1), good response time (477 ms) and recovery time (402 ms), and improvable durability, validating its potentials for measuring pressure distribution in various engineering devices.

Flexible Multimodal Sensors Based on Fibrous Porous Networks of Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes and Polydimethylsiloxane for Sensing and Distinguishing Vertical and Shear Force

“…Besides the cycling stability, frequency-independent stability is also crucial for piezoresistive pressure sensors, , we tested the frequency-independent stability of the sensor, and the results are shown in Figure S3. Figure h displays the comparison between the prepared MWCNT-PDMS/SP pressure sensor and several similar research studies, − where the ordinate represents the sensor sensitivity, and the abscissa represents the effective sensing range of the sensor. It is obvious that our sensor realizes pressure detection with a higher sensitivity in a wider sensing range.…”

Recent Advances in Flexible Pressure Sensors Based on MXene Materials

“…Fu et al developed a novel piezoresistive sensor based on an ultra-light 3D MXene scaffold (3DMS) using a simple and versatile method, using a polymer-based spin-based three cycle minimum surface (TPMS) as the initial sacrificial scaffold. [144] A clean MXene scaffold with a gyroscope TPMS structure was prepared by immersing MXene sheets onto a 3D-printed polymer gyroscope lattice and then undergoing heat treatment. The developed 3DMS combines the high conductivity, cyclotron structure complexity, and high porosity of MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ), providing a promising platform for high-performance sensors.…”

“…Compared to other manufacturing technologies, including soft lithography and infrared laser micromachining, 3D printing technology typically has higher repeatability in manufacturing. [64] In recent years, 3D printing (additive manufacturing) [64,144] have also been widely used in the preparation of flexible pressure sensors. As shown in Figure 8c, a flexible MXene film is directly printed on a styrene-ethylene [20] Copyright 2021, American Chemical Society.…”

“…Fu et al utilized 3D printing technology to develop a simple and efficient immersion coating method by combining MXene with a uniquely designed triple-period minimum surface gyroscope structure, thereby making pressure sensors with extremely high sensitivity based on MXene gyroscope structures (Figure 21d). [144]…”

High Gravimetric Capacitance MXene Supercapacitor Electrode Based on Etched Ti3C2Tx by Chemical Etching

“…[15,16] However, due to the strong Van Der Waals interaction between adjacent layers, the aggregation and restacking of Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets limit the performance of Ti 3 C 2 T x. [17,18] Increasing the interlayer spacing and increasing the active-site concentration are common approaches to enhance the performances of MXene, such as cation intercalation, surface modification, or 3D structures, [19][20][21] etc. Although significant progress has been made for MXene, the experimental gravimetric capacitance of MXene is still far below theoretical value, which limits the real application of MXene as an electrode material for SCs.…”