Engineered Plant-Derived Nanovesicles Facilitate Tumor Therapy: Natural Bioactivity Plus Drug Controlled Release Platform

Abstract

Tumors are the second-most common disease in the world, killing people at an alarming rate. As issues with drug resistance, lack of targeting, and severe side effects are revealed, there is a growing demand for precision-targeted drug delivery systems. Plant-derived nanovesicles (PDNVs), which arecomposed of proteins, lipids, RNA, and metabolites, are widely distributed and readily accessible. The potential for anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and drug-resistant-reversing effects on tumor cells, as well as the ability to alter the tumor microenvironment (TME) by modulating tumor-specific immune cells, make PDNVs promising anti-tumor therapeutics. With a lipid bilayer structure that allows drug loading and a transmembrane capacity readily endocytosed by cells, PDNVs are also expected to become a new drug delivery platform. Exogenous modifications of PDNVs enhance their circulating stability, tumor targeting ability, high cell endocytosis rate, and controlled-release capacity. In this review, we summarize PDNVs’ natural antitumor activity, as well as engineered PDNVs as efficient precision-targeted drug delivery tools that enhance therapeutic effects. Additionally, we discuss critical considerations related to the issues raised in this area, which will encourage researchers to improve PDNVs as better anti-tumor therapeutics for clinic applications.

Plant-derived extracellular nanovesicles: a promising biomedical approach for effective targeting of triple negative breast cancer cells

“…Consequently, attention has shifted towards natural plant sources as alternatives to address the limitations associated with mammalian-derived exosomes. The utilization of plant-derived exosomes is particularly appealing due to their cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility, intrinsic anti-tumor properties, and the feasibility of industrial-scale manufacturing ( Alzahrani et al, 2023 ; Chen et al, 2023 ; Xu et al, 2023 ). These features make them as emerging nanomedical agents of great interest in therapeutic research across multiple cancer types ( Guglielmi et al, 2020 ; Stanly et al, 2020 ; Özkan et al, 2021 ; Chen et al, 2022 ).…”

Exploring new avenues of health protection: plant-derived nanovesicles reshape microbial communities

“…Some microbes produce beneficial metabolites through metabolism, such as short-chain fatty acids, which can promote gut health and immune system function [ 53 ]. The series of effects played by altering the metabolism of bacteria is also one of the main activities of PDNVs in regulating the microbial community [ 71 ]. A study found that lemon-derived nanovesicles enhanced the level of lactate production by lactic acid bacteria, thereby inhibiting the growth of Clostridium difficile .…”

DataSheet1.pdf

“…Consequently, attention has shifted towards natural plant sources as alternatives to address the limitations associated with mammalian-derived exosomes. The utilization of plantderived exosomes is particularly appealing due to their cost-effectiveness, biocompatibility, intrinsic anti-tumor properties, and the feasibility of industrial-scale manufacturing (Alzahrani et al, 2023;Chen et al, 2023;Xu et al, 2023). These features make them as emerging nanomedical agents of great interest in therapeutic research across multiple cancer types (Guglielmi et al, 2020;Stanly et al, 2020;Özkan et al, 2021;Chen et al, 2022).…”