Engineered nanoselenium supplemented fish diet: toxicity comparison with ionic selenium and stability against particle dissolution, aggregation and release

Abstract

Transformation of nutrients to their nano-form, such as selenium (Se) engineered nanonutrients (Se-ENNs), is expected to enhance the absorption of the nutrients into fish and increase the efficiency of the feed.

Unveiling the nanotoxicological aspects of Se nanomaterials differing in size and morphology

“…Spherical SeNPs were synthesized according to our previously published protocol [ 21 ]. The synthesis of nanorod-shaped Se nanomaterials was carried out in a chemical reduction process previously described by Chiou and coworkers [ 24 ].…”

“…Cytotoxicity of Se nanomaterials was investigated using the XTT assay (2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2 H -tetrazolium-5-carb-ax-anilide). To exclude a false positivity due to possible inherent enzymomimetic activity of Se nanomaterials, the obtained results were validated by Trypan blue exclusion according to our previously published study [ 21 ]. To investigate the effect of Se nanomaterials on clonal efficiency in terms of formation of progeny colonies, the cells were seeded in a 6-well plate at a density of ∼1 × 10 3 cells per well and incubated overnight.…”

“…Se is a crucial factor of various selenoproteins acting as antioxidants, and is also essential for maintenance of human health [ 17 ]. Hence, it is not surprising that Se nanomaterials have been tested in a plethora of applications including anticancer, antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory experiments, food supplementation, and many others [ [18] , [19] , [20] , [21] ].…”

Quantifying the trophic transfer of sub-micron plastics in an assembled food chain

“…A SEM, (Zeiss Sigma HD,VP, Carl Zeiss NTS, Cambridge, UK) was used with 4 kV for observation of the SMPs in plants and organisms. The sample preparation for the TEM and SEM were performed according to the previous method [40]. The hydrophobicity of the particles was measured after drying a droplet of the particle dispersion of aluminum surface and measuring the contact angle (A KSV Cam 200 contact angle) using Milli-Q water at room temperature.…”

Freshwater Fish Siberian Dace Ingest Microplastics in the Remote Yenisei Tributary

“…Natural biota in aquatic environments may ingest MPs, confusing them with food, many of which are linked to humans via food chains [ 10 ]. The bio-availability and the extent of toxicity are determined by their stability in the water column [ 11 ] and the associated contaminants in the vicinity [ 12 ]. As MPs entail potential risks to human health [ 6 , 7 , 13 ], it is necessary to investigate the mechanisms and scales of particle transfer in aquatic food chains.…”