Engineered liposomes and virosomes for delivery of macromolecules

Verma

2009

Trop Anim Health Prod

Virosome based vaccines against Newcastle disease (ND) were prepared and evaluated for their immunogenicity and protective efficacy in chickens. Envelop of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) was solubilised with Triton X-100 to yield virosomes which were later on encapsulated in poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLG) microspheres. The birds were immunized intranasally with virosomes or PLG microspheres encapsulated virosomes, and efficacy of these preparations was compared with commercial LaSota vaccine. The preparations protected the chickens against virulent virus challenge infection, however the microencapsulated virosome vaccine gave slightly lesser degree of protection than non encapsulated counterpart. The humoral and cell mediated immune response generated as well as the protection afforded by virosome preparations were found to be comparable with LaSota vaccine. The results substantiate the potential of virosome based vaccines to provide high level of immunity and protection against Newcastle disease.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of virosome based vaccines against Newcastle disease

Verma

2009

Trop Anim Health Prod

“…Other promising strategies for vaccine delivery include the use of virosomes (liposomes carrying viral envelope proteins) [47][48][49][50][51] , or subunit vaccines expressed in plant [52][53][54][55][56] or insect cells [57][58][59][60][61] .…”

Section: Miscellaneous Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery strategies for novel vaccine formulations

Trovato

Krebs²,

Haigwood³

et al. 2012

WJV

A major challenge in vaccine design is to identify antigen presentation and delivery systems capable of rapidly stimulating both the humoral and cellular components of the immune system to elicit a strong and sustained immunity against different viral isolates. Approaches to achieve this end involve live attenuated and inactivated virions, viral vectors, DNA, and protein subunits. This review reports the state of current antigen delivery, and focuses on two innovative systems recently established at our labs. These systems are the filamentous bacteriophage fd and an icosahedral scaffold formed by the acyltransferase component (E2 protein) of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex of Bacillus stearothermophilus.

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy

“…These viral derivatives are not virosomes, but liposomes admixed with single viral surface antigens (e.g., baculovirus [48], Epstein-Barr virus [49] …”

Section: Virosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical applications of virosomes in cancer immunotherapy

Adamina

Güller

Bracci

et al. 2006

Cancer immunotherapy is increasingly accepted as a treatment option for advanced stage disease. The identification of tumour-associated antigens in 1991 has prompted the development of antigen-specific immunotherapeutic strategies for a variety of cancers. Many of them result in some immunological responses in cancer patients; however, clinical results were not observed concomitantly with immunological responses; therefore, further improvements in the field of immunotherapy are urgently needed. Virosomes are lipidic envelopes devoid of genetic information, but which retain the antigenic profile and fusogenic properties from their viral origin. Virosomes are versatile antigen carriers and can be engineered to perform various tasks in cancer immunotherapy. Preclinical data have fostered the development of innovative clinical protocols. Hence, immunopotentiating reconstituted influenza virosomes will be assessed in breast and melanoma immunotherapy, and may contribute to the development of clinically effective cancer vaccines and ultimately improve patient outcomes. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of the potential clinical applications of virosomes as innovative and potentially effective reagents in active specific cancer immunotherapy.