Engineered human mesenchymal stem cells as new vaccine platform for COVID-19

Liu, Junhua; Jiao, Huping; Yin, Xiaonan

doi:10.1101/2020.06.20.163030

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…It has been shown that the administration of viral S protein can provoke an immune response and produce anti-spike IgG (Keech et al, 2020). In another study, injection of manipulated MSCs, which expressed surface viral S proteins, into an animal model showed an effective antibody production (Liu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 98%

Targeted Mitochondrial Therapy With Over-Expressed MAVS Protein From Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Therapeutic Approach for COVID-19

Babajani

Hosseini-Monfared

Abbaspour

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has infected millions of people worldwide. The symptoms of this disease are primarily due to pulmonary involvement, uncontrolled tissue inflammation, and inadequate immune response against the invader virus. Impaired interferon (IFN) production is one of the leading causes of the immune system’s inability to control the replication of the SARS-CoV-2. Mitochondria play an essential role in developing and maintaining innate cellular immunity and IFN production. Mitochondrial function is impaired during cellular stress, affecting cell bioenergy and innate immune responses. The mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS), located in the outer membrane of mitochondria, is one of the key elements in engaging the innate immune system and interferon production. Transferring healthy mitochondria to the damaged cells by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a proposed option for regenerative medicine and a viable treatment approach to many diseases. In addition to mitochondrial transport, these cells can regulate inflammation, repair the damaged tissue, and control the pathogenesis of COVID-19. The immune regulatory nature of MSCs dramatically reduces the probability of an immune rejection. In order to induce an appropriate immune response against the SARS-CoV-2, we hypothesize to donate mitochondria to the host cells of the virus. We consider MSCs as an appropriate biological carrier for mitochondria. Besides, enhancing the expression of MAVS protein in MSCs and promoting the expression of SARS-CoV-2 viral spike protein as a specific ligand for ACE2+ cells will improve IFN production and innate immune responses in a targeted manner.

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Section: Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 98%

Targeted Mitochondrial Therapy With Over-Expressed MAVS Protein From Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Therapeutic Approach for COVID-19

Babajani

Hosseini-Monfared

Abbaspour

et al. 2021

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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“…Mesenchymal stem cells are a newfound platform for designing genetically engineered cellular vaccines that hold the promise to produce efficient and safe vehicles for enhancing the host immune response [ 87 ]. Using human-engineered mesenchymal stem cells (hu-MSCs) to produce the SARS-CoV-2 N-protein antigen is one of the promising strategies that has been reported in a recent paper of Chinese researchers as a candidate for producing the COVID-19 vaccine [ 88 ]. They showed that mesenchymal stem cells engineered to produce COVID-19 proteins could provide a new bench for effective vaccine development.…”

Section: Mscs For Treatment Of Lung Diseases and Immune Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and COVID-19: Cure, Prevention, and Vaccination

Afarid

Sanie-Jahromi

2021

Stem Cells International

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COVID-19 disease has been a global health problem since late 2019. There are many concerns about the rapid spread of this disease, and yet, there is no approved treatment for COVID-19. Several biological interventions have been under study recently to investigate efficient treatment for this viral disease. Besides, many efforts have been made to find a safe way to prevent and vaccinate people against COVID-19 disease. In severe cases, patients suffer from acute respiratory distress syndrome usually associated with an increased level of inflammatory cytokines, called a cytokine storm. It seems that reequilibrating the hyperinflammatory response of the host immune system and regeneration of damaged cells could be the main way to manage the disease. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been recently under investigation in this regard, and the achieved clinical outcomes show promising evidence for stem cell-based therapy of COVID-19. MSCs are known for their potential for immunomodulation, defense against virus infection, and tissue regeneration. MSCs are a newly emerged platform for designing vaccines and show promising evidence in this area. In the present study, we provided a thorough research study on the most recent clinical studies based on stem cells in the treatment of COVID-19 while introducing stem cell exclusivities for use as an immune disorder or lung cell therapy and its potential application for protection and vaccination against COVID-19.

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“…Moreover, currently, most pathogens have no effective antibodies, which suggest the limitations of the five existing vaccine platforms. The successful establishment of the stem cell vaccine, the sixth vaccine platform, can point out a new direction for future vaccine research and development [47] (Table 2). With the extensive development of research, the immune regulatory properties, anti-inflammatory properties, and the characteristics of repairing damaged tissues of MSCs are expected to play an important role in this antiviral campaign.…”

Section: Application Of Mscs In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesenchymal stem cells: ideal seeds for treating diseases

Gao

Fan

et al. 2021

Human Cell

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Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a kind of multipotent stem cells with self-renewal ability and multi-differentiation ability, have become the "practical stem cells" for the treatment of diseases. MSCs have immunomodulatory properties and can be used to treat autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Crohn's disease. MSCs also can be used in cancer and aging. At present, many clinical experiments are using MSCs. MSCs can reduce the occurrence of inflammation and apoptosis of tissue cells, and promote the proliferation of endogenous tissue and organ cells, so as to achieve the effect of repairing tissue and organs. MSCs presumably also play an important role in Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Keywords Mesenchymal stem cells • Autoimmune diseases • Aging • Inflammation • Cancer • COVID-19 Abbreviations AA Alginate ARDS Acute respiratory distress syndrome BM-MSCs Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells BMP-2 Bone morphogenetic protein 2 CBX4 Chromobox protein homologue 4 CRISPR Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats Cas9 CRISPR-associated protein-9 nuclease Col Collagen COPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COVID-19 Corona Virus Disease 2019 CRC Colorectal cancer CXCR7 C-X-C chemokine receptor type 7 CXCL12 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12

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Engineered human mesenchymal stem cells as new vaccine platform for COVID-19

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Targeted Mitochondrial Therapy With Over-Expressed MAVS Protein From Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Therapeutic Approach for COVID-19

Targeted Mitochondrial Therapy With Over-Expressed MAVS Protein From Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A New Therapeutic Approach for COVID-19

Mesenchymal Stem Cells and COVID-19: Cure, Prevention, and Vaccination

Mesenchymal stem cells: ideal seeds for treating diseases

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