Engine Variable Effects on Exhaust Hydrocarbon Composition (A Single-Cylinder Engine Study With Propane as the Fuel)

Daniel, W. A.

doi:10.4271/670124

Cited by 51 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…We agree with Daniel (1967) that this increase probably results from a reduction in the amount of post-flame burnup within the cylinder and exhaust system for hydrocarbons stored in crevices and oil films. A reduction in burnup would be expected to result from the low concentration of oxygen in the burned gas during rich combustion.…”

Section: I) Equiuulence Ratiosupporting

confidence: 86%

“…as a function of (D for propane, isooctane, and indolene clear fuels respectively. The propane data are remarkably similar to those observed by Daniel (1967) in his single cylinder CFR engine which was operated at a constant spark advance rather than MBT. Hydrocarbon emissions from isooctane and indolene clear are larger than those from propane.…”

Section: I) Equiuulence Ratiosupporting

confidence: 81%

“…This shows that the distribution of hydrocarbon species does change sharply with fuel-air equivalence ratio in a production engine as has been observed in single cylinder CFR experiments (Daniel, 1967;Ninomiya and GO~OVOY, 1969). For isooctane fuel, methane contributes only I percent to the total exhaust hydrocarbons at 0=0.8, while at U)=1.3 it contributes 12.5 percent.…”

Section: I) Equiuulence Ratiomentioning

confidence: 60%

“…However, there is very limited information available concerning the effects of operating variables on the concentrations of individual hydrocarbon species in the exhaust. Experiments carried out by Daniel (1967) using a propane-fueled single cylinder CFR engine, and by Ninomiya and Golovoy (1969) in a liquid-fueled CFR have demonstrated that the distribution of individual hydrocarbon species can change dramatically when engine operating variables are changed. Limited data are also available using a single-cylinder production type engine operated on leaded gasoline (Jackson, 1966).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The Effect of Fuel and Operating Variables on Hydrocarbon Species Distributions in the Exhaust from a Multicylinder Engine

Kaiser

Rothschild

Lavoie

1983

Combustion Science and Technology

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Measurements of the concentrations of individual exhaust hydrocarbon species have been made as a function of engine operating variables (a, rpm. EGR, spark timing, and coolant temperature) in a 2.3-liter four-cylinder engine. Three fuels were used i n these experiments: propane, isooctane (2.2,4-trimethylpentane), and an unleaded gasoline (indolene clear). The results show that a change in operating variable can change not only the total hydrocarbon concentration but also the distribution of species in the exhaust. All three fuels show similar trends when an operating variable is changed. Fuel-air equivalence ratio is a critical parameter i n controlling exhaust hydrocarbon emissions. Beginning near stoichiometric, the total hydrocarbon concentration and the percentage contributions of methane and acetylene to the exhaust increase as the mixture becomes richer. These species contribute less than 2 percent to the total hydrocarbon emissions at 0<0.95. Their contribution rises to 15-25 percent at 0=1.2 depending on the fuel used. The likely cause for this increase is incomplete combustion in the bulk gas o f the cylinder. These results highlight the importance o f chemical as well as physical effects in the production of hydrocarbon emissions during combustion. The exhaust hydrocarbon species distribution is also very sensitive lo the engine speed and spark timing in the absence of EGR.Increasing the engine speed or retarding the spark causes the hydrocarbon emissions to decrease. These parameters change principally the concentration of unburned fuel in the exhaust, while the concentrations of partial oxidation products remain approximately constant. Addition o f EGR increases all hydrocarbon concentrations and changes the dependence of hydrocarbon emission on spark timing. With an EGR rate equal to 213 of the maximum tolerance of the engine. the hydrocarbon emissions increase as the spark is retarded. This increase consists of increased concentrations of partial oxidation products in the exhaust gases, while the concentration of fuel remains unchanged.

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Section: I) Equiuulence Ratiosupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: I) Equiuulence Ratiosupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: I) Equiuulence Ratiomentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Effect of Fuel and Operating Variables on Hydrocarbon Species Distributions in the Exhaust from a Multicylinder Engine

Kaiser

Rothschild

Lavoie

1983

Combustion Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(1) The existence of propagating ame quenching layer at cold wall surfaces inside the combustion chamber. [145][146][147][148][149][150][151] (2) The unburned mixture of air-fuel trapped in the piston top land and ring crevices. 144,145,150,152,153 (3) Cyclic absorption or desorption processes of unburned fuel by lubricating cylinder oil lms and deposits.…”

Section: Exhaust Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%