Engine testing of novel diesel fuel detergent–dispersant additives

Deterioration of the fuel injection parameters as a result of Common Rail injectors deposit formation

“…In the 1980s the build-up of external injector deposits on the pintle of a fuel injector has caused a significant concern of fuel systems producers and introduction of DCA (Deposit Control Additives) to reduce injector fouling occurred [4]. Continuing since 1997 development of HPCR (High Pressure Common Rail) systems which design features are more conductive or susceptible to deposit formation, especially IDID (Internal Diesel Injector Deposits), such as severe high temperature along with high pressure operating conditions as well as precision engineering to operate highly controlled multiple injection strategies [5][6][7].…”

“…A growing share of FAME (Fatty Acid Methyl Esters) characterized by low stability in the diesel fuels accelerates the process of fuel oxidation and degradation. FAME are a source of weak acids and lead to an increase in the fuel contamination (sodium compounds) -a component of typical catalysts used in the reaction of transestrification [1][2][3][4][16][17][18][19]. Hence, due to their low stability, the resistance to oxidation is one of the most important properties of diesel fuels containing FAME.…”

“…At the same time DCA additives used in fuels are generally considered to be the most effective way to counteract injector deposit formation. However, currently, widely applied detergents preventing external coke deposits on the injectors are based on PIBSI (Polyisobutylene Succinimide) and in combination with the previously described factors may facilitate the formation of IDID [1][2][3][4]. Therefore, the development and manufacture of these type additives is critical to their performance in the field in terms of functioning to control both external and internal deposits but also from a nocharm standpoint [4,20,21].…”

“…However, currently, widely applied detergents preventing external coke deposits on the injectors are based on PIBSI (Polyisobutylene Succinimide) and in combination with the previously described factors may facilitate the formation of IDID [1][2][3][4]. Therefore, the development and manufacture of these type additives is critical to their performance in the field in terms of functioning to control both external and internal deposits but also from a nocharm standpoint [4,20,21]. This paper reports results generated to develop further knowledge relating to the engine test investigations into external and internal common rail injector deposit formation.…”

Wykorzystanie techniki dynamicznego rozpraszania światła laserowego (DLS) do wyznaczania krytycznego stężenia micelizacji dodatków detergentowych w paliwie wysokoetanolowym

“…Dodatki detergentowo-dyspergujące są jednymi z najczę-ściej stosowanych substancji przeznaczonych do uszlachetniania paliw w celu poprawy ich właściwości eksploatacyjnych [3,7,14,15]. W przypadku benzyn silnikowych tego typu dodatki mogą stanowić jedyną substancję wprowadzoną do paliwa na etapie blendingu [5,9].…”