Engine combustion and emission fuelled with natural gas: A review

Chen, Hao; He, Jingjing; Zhong, Xiaoxing

doi:10.1016/j.joei.2018.06.005

Cited by 185 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…On top of these, any increase in engine efficiency can contribute to further reduction of CO 2 emissions. Indeed (slightly), higher brake thermal efficiency has been reported for bi-fuel engine when operating with CNG (Chen et al, 2018). Greater potential for efficiency increase exists in mono-fuel engines optimized for CNG and fully exploiting the properties of natural gas.…”

Section: Aggregated Emission Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the complete evaluation of the results, Table 4 summarizes some typical properties of the fuels of the two cars. It is noted that the values presented in this table were obtained from the literature (e.g., Khan et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2018), and they are not results from specific fuel analyses. These are used only in order to highlight a number of significant differences among the fuels.…”

Section: Fuel Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Compared to gasoline, CNG has a significantly higher octane number, which translates into superior knocking stability, enabling an advance in spark timing, leading to an increase in engine efficiency. This effect is further influenced by the different flame propagation speeds of CNG and gasoline, depending on pressure, temperature, and the air-fuel equivalence ratio of the mixture (Heywood, 1988;Kratzsch and Günther, 2013;Van Basshuysen, 2015;Chen et al, 2018).…”

Section: Fuel Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A significant contribution toward the reduction of CO 2 emissions can come from vehicles powered by alternative fuels. Natural gas constitutes a very good example, as it offers a direct CO 2 benefit compared to gasoline and diesel (Chen et al, 2018). Currently, Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) vehicles are produced with bi-fuel engines (gasoline/CNG).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of CO2 and NOx Emissions of One Diesel and One Bi-Fuel Gasoline/CNG Euro 6 Vehicles During Real-World Driving and Laboratory Testing

et al. 2019

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The objective of this study is the assessment of the real-world environmental performance, and its comparison with laboratory measurements, of two Euro 6 passenger cars. The first is equipped with a common-rail diesel engine, Lean NO x Trap (LNT), and Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF), and the second is a bi-fuel gasoline/CNG (Compressed Natural Gas) vehicle equipped with a Three-Way Catalyst (TWC). The experimental campaign consisted of on-road and chassis dynamometer measurements. In the former test set, two driving routes were followed, one complying with Real Driving Emissions (RDE) regulation and another characterized by more dynamic driving. The aim of the latter route was to go beyond the regulatory limits and cover a wider range of real-world conditions and engine operating areas. In the laboratory, the WLTC (Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycle) was used, applying the real-world road load of the vehicles. Both cars underwent the same tests, and these were repeated for the primary (CNG) and the secondary (gasoline) fuel of the bi-fuel vehicle. In all of the tests, CO 2 and NO x emissions were measured with a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS). The results were analyzed on two levels, the aggregated and the instantaneous, in order to highlight the different emissions attributes under varying driving conditions. The application of realistic road load in the WLTC limited its difference from the RDE-compliant route in terms of CO 2 emissions. However, the aggressive driver behavior and the uphill roads of the Dynamic driving schedule resulted in approximately double the CO 2 emissions for both cars. The potential of natural gas to reduce CO 2 emissions was also highlighted. Concerning the NO x emissions of the diesel car, the real-world results were significantly higher than the respective WLTC levels. On the other hand, the bi-fuel car exhibited very low NO x emissions with both fuels. Natural gas resulted in increased NO x emissions compared to gasoline, always remaining below the Euro 6 limit, with the only exception being the Dynamic driving schedule. Finally, it was found that the overall cycle dynamics are not sufficient for the complete assessment of transient emissions, and the instantaneous engine, and aftertreatment behavior can reveal additional details.

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Section: Aggregated Emission Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fuel Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fuel Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of CO2 and NOx Emissions of One Diesel and One Bi-Fuel Gasoline/CNG Euro 6 Vehicles During Real-World Driving and Laboratory Testing

et al. 2019

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“…Natural-gas vehicles are increasing in number worldwide. There were around 26.13 million natural-gas vehicles worldwide in June 2018, while in 2009 the number of vehicles was only 9.5 million [1]. It was predicted that the number of natural-gas vehicles will be more than 30 million by 2021.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CFD Simulation of Knock Onset in a Heavy-Duty Spark Ignition Gas Engine

Kozlov,

Terenchenko,

Zuev

et al. 2019

IJRTE

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 Abstract: The paper describes a method for evaluating knocking onset with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical model of the combustion process of spark ignited (SI) gas engine and methods for assessing the probability of knocking combustion based on this model. The probability of knocking combustion, which characterizes the boundary condition between normal combustion and knocking, is determined (8%). An optimization study of the influence of adjustment parameters on the probability of knocking based on a three-dimensional numerical model is carried out. The developed and tested technique allows one to monitor the tendency of the influence of various adjustment parameters on the probability of knocking in a SI gas engine. Keywords: natural gas, spark ignition gas engine, knock onset, computational fluid dynamic, combustion process, start of combustion test bench, knocking probability, knock index.

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Quantitative and qualitative analysis of thermodynamic process of a bi‐fuel compressed natural gas spark ignition engine

Sahoo

Srivastava

2021

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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A comparative energy and exergy analysis was experimentally performed using a bi-fuel compressed natural gas (CNG) spark ignition engine. The experiments were conducted for gasoline and CNG fuel at 1700 rpm and different operating loads from 5 to 30 Nm. The experiments were performed under stoichiometric air-fuel ratio and maximum brake torque ignition timing. Quantitative and qualitative analysis were conducted using the first and second law of thermodynamics, respectively. The effect of engine operating load on various energy and exergy parameters was compared for both the fuels. Output energy with respect to engine load was found higher for CNG compared to gasoline. Engine wall heat transfer was also higher in the CNG engine case due to its high combustion chamber temperature and lower burning velocity.The difference in heat transfer energy fraction between gasoline and CNG gradually increased with engine load. The exhaust energy was found maximum in the case of CNG under low operating load and reduced to a minimum at higher engine operating load. The unaccounted energy fraction was found lower for the CNG engine and reduced with respect to engine load. CNG exhibits the highest exergy efficiency (26.80%) compared to gasoline (25.50%) at 30 Nm load. On average, a 2% higher exergy efficiency was observed with the CNG engine at all operating load conditions. This indicates CNG has a higher potential to convert chemical energy present in the fuel into useful work output. CNG shows lower exergy destruction at all operating loads compared to gasoline, and it reduces significantly at higher engine loads. In all operating loads, exergy transfer due to exhaust gas and heat transfer to the wall was higher in the case of CNG.

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Engine combustion and emission fuelled with natural gas: A review

Cited by 185 publications

References 95 publications

Assessment of CO2 and NOx Emissions of One Diesel and One Bi-Fuel Gasoline/CNG Euro 6 Vehicles During Real-World Driving and Laboratory Testing

Assessment of CO2 and NOx Emissions of One Diesel and One Bi-Fuel Gasoline/CNG Euro 6 Vehicles During Real-World Driving and Laboratory Testing

CFD Simulation of Knock Onset in a Heavy-Duty Spark Ignition Gas Engine

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of thermodynamic process of a bi‐fuel compressed natural gas spark ignition engine

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