Seeking to develop a novel understanding of how climate policy innovations emerge and spread, we conceptualize three types of CPIs genuinely original, diffusion based and reframing based and relate these to the socio-technical transitions literature, particularly the multi-level perspective that explains change through interaction between . Selected climate-related transport policies in Finland, Sweden and the United Kingdom are used to illustrate five hypotheses that connect these concepts from the multi-level perspective to particular types of climate policy innovation.O policy innovation may be uncommon in contexts with major sunk investments such as transport, principally because socio-technical regimes tend to be resistant to political pressures for change originating at the same level. Nonetheless, the Multi-level Perspective posits that regimes are subject to influence by pressures originating at both niche and landscape levels. Given that policy reframing is relatively common, it may offer a key entry point for climate policy innovation in the short to medium term.