2017
DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.7b01405
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Engaging Radicals in Transition Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling with Alkyl Electrophiles: Recent Advances

Abstract: Transition-metal catalyzed cross-coupling reactions have created an epoch in modern synthetic organic chemistry, offering a variety of insights in retrosynthetic tactics to synthesize targeted complex molecules in medicine and materials-based applications. Despite numerous types of combinations between nucleophiles, electrophiles, and transition-metal catalysts available for the cross-coupling reactions, construction of covalent bonds including sp 3 -hybridized carbon(s) still remains a challenge due to the in… Show more

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Cited by 138 publications
(72 citation statements)
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References 118 publications
(54 reference statements)
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“…[11] Notably,p yridinyl and thiophenyl acrylic acids showed good reactivity (4s-4v), even at room temperature.Additionally to the 3-aryl acrylic acids,3 ,3-diphenylacrylic acid is also an amenable substrate (4x). [12] In the general context, it is difficult to achieve the alkylation reaction since the majority of alkyl bromides possess lower reduction potentials (E 1/2 red !À 2.0 Vv s. SCE) than *[Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 ]( E(M + /M*) = À1.72 Vv s. SCE in THF). Next, radical clock and TEMPO trapping experiments were conducted to support the proposed light-mediated SET oxidative addition mechanism.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…[11] Notably,p yridinyl and thiophenyl acrylic acids showed good reactivity (4s-4v), even at room temperature.Additionally to the 3-aryl acrylic acids,3 ,3-diphenylacrylic acid is also an amenable substrate (4x). [12] In the general context, it is difficult to achieve the alkylation reaction since the majority of alkyl bromides possess lower reduction potentials (E 1/2 red !À 2.0 Vv s. SCE) than *[Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 ]( E(M + /M*) = À1.72 Vv s. SCE in THF). Next, radical clock and TEMPO trapping experiments were conducted to support the proposed light-mediated SET oxidative addition mechanism.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[10] Thec ompetition experiments between primary, secondary and tertiary alkyl bromides and the increased reactivity of secondary and tertiary alkyl bromides compared to primary alkyl bromides,c learly demonstrate that on photoirradiation, alkyl halides give thermodynamically more stable alkyl radicals that will undergo fast oxidative addition through aS ET pathway rather than an S N 2t ype oxidative addition to aphosphine-ligated Pd 0 complex. [12] In the general context, it is difficult to achieve the alkylation reaction since the majority of alkyl bromides possess lower reduction potentials (E 1/2 red !À 2.0 Vv s. SCE) than *[Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 ]( E(M + /M*) = À1.72 Vv s. SCE in THF). Hence,w ep erformed DFT calculations to unravel the mechanism of the newly developed decarboxylative alkylation of a,b-unsaturated acid (1a)w ith cyclopentyl bromide (2c).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[14] In Übereinstimmung mit der großen Mehrzahl nickelkatalysierter Negishi-Kupplungsreaktionen von Alkylhalogeniden [15] ist ein plausibler Ni I /Ni III -Katalysecyclus in den Hintergrundinformationen gezeigt. Die Ringçffnung zu den Alkenregioisomeren 10 j und 11 j trat tatsächlich ein, und das cyclopropylmethylsubstituierte German 8j wurde in geringerer Menge gefunden (vgl.…”
Section: Zuschriftenunclassified
“…Diese Experimente erhärten nachdrücklich die Annahme von Alkylradikalen als Intermediate,d ie hçchstwahrscheinlich aus einer Einelektronenübertragung von einer vermuteten Ni I -Ge-Spezies auf die C(sp 3 )-Br-Bindung hervorgehen. [14] In Übereinstimmung mit der großen Mehrzahl nickelkatalysierter Negishi-Kupplungsreaktionen von Alkylhalogeniden [15] ist ein plausibler Ni I /Ni III -Katalysecyclus in den Hintergrundinformationen gezeigt.…”
Section: Zuschriftenunclassified
“…[10] Beide Reaktionen liefern hochgra-dig enantiomerenangereicherte Allylsilane.D iese kçnnen natürlich durch Hydrierung in Alkylsilane überführt werden, es mangelt jedoch an Methoden fürd en direkten Aufbau einfacher a-chiraler Alkylsilane ohne funktionelle Gruppe in direkter Nachbarschaft zum asymmetrisch substituierten Kohlenstoffatom. [11] Der State of the Art enantioselektiver übergangsmetallkatalysierterC (sp 3 )-C(sp 3 )-Kupplungen von racemischen Alkylelektrophilen und Kohlenstoffnukleophilen [12,13] ermutigte uns,d ie Ausarbeitung einer Reaktionsvorschrift in Angriff zu nehmen, die zur enantiokontrollierten Bindungsknüpfung zwischen a-silylierten Alkyliodiden (= a-Iodalkylsilanen) und Alkylzinkreagenzien befähigt (Schema 1, unten).…”
unclassified