Engaging Families in Voluntary Prevention Services to Reduce Future Child Abuse and Neglect: a Randomized Controlled Trial

Putnam‐Hornstein, Emily; Prindle, John; Hammond, Ivy

doi:10.1007/s11121-021-01285-w

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…30 And while strict adherence to fidelity measures and targeted eligibility have been cited as factors for success in evidence-based models, flexibility to address the root causes of parental challenges offers a more inclusive approach, as opposed to filtering home-visiting participants through narrow criteria known to correlate with success in the research setting. 31,32 Further, financial constraints on publicly funded preventive social and medical programs coupled with limited HV resources have resulted in the majority of referrals to HV services being for families referred after a negative medical and/or social outcome has already occurred, including challenging life circumstances. 20 These very experiences and circumstances, however, can make it difficult for families to participate in HV programs either because of participation requirements (e.g., meeting on a set schedule) or eligibility requirements (e.g., being a first-time parent).…”

Section: Family First Protective Services Actmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma-Informed Home Visiting Models in Public Health Nursing: An Evidence-Based Approach

Ballard¹,

Turner²,

Cuca³

et al. 2022

Am J Public Health

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Traumatic experiences can have significant health effects, particularly when they are experienced during childhood. Structural determinants of health including environmental disasters and limited access to mental health services and affordable housing can contribute additional stress for parents with a personal history of childhood adversity. These factors can directly affect their children, contributing to intergenerational trauma. Pregnant people and families with young children are often referred to public health nursing maternal and child home visiting (HV) programs when there are concerns about historical or evolving childhood trauma. The strict eligibility and participation requirements of existing evidence-based maternal and child HV programs can exclude families that have experienced or are experiencing childhood trauma and its effects and can limit innovation by public health nurses, a hallmark of the field. Therefore, we advocate and describe the implementation of the Trauma Informed Approach in Public Health Nursing (TIA PHN) model, which incorporates a trauma-informed approach into a traditional maternal and child HV program in 3 California counties. TIA PHN, which began enrollment in March 2021, involves public health nurses and community health workers and integrates program evaluations in pursuit of evidence-based status. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(S3):S298–S305. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306737 )

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Section: Family First Protective Services Actmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trauma-Informed Home Visiting Models in Public Health Nursing: An Evidence-Based Approach

Ballard¹,

Turner²,

Cuca³

et al. 2022

Am J Public Health

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“…Though data on the treatment services provided by CPS is limited and of low-quality, it is generally reported that most investigated families receive no services or informal and short-term services [ 20 ]. Second, high-risk families may decline voluntary treatment services and CPS may be unwilling or unable to obtain a court order to mandate participation [ 21 ]. Lastly, the services provided to families may have small, null, or time-limited impacts on risk of future harm [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A persistent tension exists among three issues: the limited window of sensitive periods for early childhood development [ 26 ], the lack of sustained efficacy for interventions, and the “last resort” nature of foster care and adoption [ 27 ]. Further complicating these issues in the U.S. context is a weak child maltreatment prevention infrastructure [ 28 ], coupled with the reality that most at-risk families decline voluntary services [ 21 ]. These longstanding challenges have no easy solutions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifetime rates and types of subsequent child protection system contact following a first report of neglect: An age-stratified analysis

et al. 2023

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An estimated 1 in 3 U.S. children will be the subject of a child protective services (CPS) investigation during their lifetime, typically for allegations of neglect. Whether and how an initial report of neglect is addressed may place children on divergent trajectories for safety and stability throughout childhood. The purpose of this study is to track subsequent CPS contact among children born in California in 2000 who were first investigated by CPS for neglect allegations alone (no co-occurring abuse) and not permanently separated from their families of origin (i.e., not removed or reunified if removed). We estimated the rates of subsequent CPS referrals, substantiated maltreatment, placement in foster care, and allegations of physical and sexual abuse by age 18. We assessed how rates of subsequent contact varied by initial CPS response and age at first investigation. Supplemental analyses disaggregated data by race and ethnicity. Results indicate that 64% of children initially investigated for neglect alone were re-referred to CPS by age 18 and 16% experienced a subsequent removal; however, these estimates varied greatly by age. Four out of five (79% to 83%) of children initially investigated as infants had one or more subsequent CPS referrals during childhood. Children were not only re-referred for allegations of neglect; more than half of children re-referred were reported for allegations of physical or sexual abuse, indicating that abuse risk was either missed during the initial CPS investigation or escalated afterward. The failure to address maltreatment risks when children first present to the system is a complex problem with no easy solution. Our findings document that a majority of children initially referred for neglect experience future CPS involvement, often for allegations of physical or sexual abuse.

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“…Importantly, these parental struggles appear to have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, highlighting the relevance of these findings (Czeisler et al, 2020). Low rates of uptake of and retention in voluntary services create challenges for the expansion of prevention services or non-CPS interventions (Putnam-Hornstein, Prindle, et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What Does Child Protective Services Investigate as Neglect? A Population-Based Study

et al. 2022

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Most child protective services (CPS) investigations involve allegations of neglect. Broad and vague definitions have led to concerns that CPS-investigated neglect is driven by poverty-based material hardship. In a representative sample of 295 neglect investigations in California in 2017, structured data and narrative text fields were used to characterize the types of neglect and concurrent parental risk factors investigated by CPS and to assess the rate and nature of investigated physical neglect, defined as inadequate food, housing, or hygiene. The most common types of neglect were inadequate supervision (44%) and failure to protect (29%), followed by physical neglect (14%). Common risk factors identified in neglect investigations were parental substance use (41%), domestic violence (21%), mental illness (18%), and co-reported physical or sexual abuse (29%). Nearly all investigations of physical neglect (99%) included concerns related to substance use, domestic violence, mental illness, co-reported abuse or an additional neglect allegation (i.e., abandonment). Given concerns identified in neglect investigations, economic supports are likely insufficient without an array of behavioral-health supports.

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Engaging Families in Voluntary Prevention Services to Reduce Future Child Abuse and Neglect: a Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Trauma-Informed Home Visiting Models in Public Health Nursing: An Evidence-Based Approach

Trauma-Informed Home Visiting Models in Public Health Nursing: An Evidence-Based Approach

Lifetime rates and types of subsequent child protection system contact following a first report of neglect: An age-stratified analysis

What Does Child Protective Services Investigate as Neglect? A Population-Based Study

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