Abstract:Communities of nationals living abroad are attracting the interest of sending countries, which are paying increasing attention to the way in which emigrants connect with their origin and the potential benefits of it. Focusing on the case of Colombia and analysing the initiatives under the Colombia Nos Une Program, this article examines the role that the proactive attitude of institutional actors is playing in the potential engagement of migrants with their country of origin and the creation of a transnational … Show more
“…Most of the Mexican documents express the migration and health policies defined at the beginning of the 2012–2018 administration, a time when the most notable change was an increase in return migration, while the number and characteristics of migrants in transit, immigrants, and asylum seekers remained relatively stable [ 20 ]. As sending countries, both Mexico and Colombia have developed emigration policies to engage with and support their diasporas [ 53 , 54 ], and the Mexican documents reflect this. Meanwhile, during the period covered in this study, Colombia experienced the arrival of more than a million Venezuelans in a very short time.…”
“…Most of the Mexican documents express the migration and health policies defined at the beginning of the 2012–2018 administration, a time when the most notable change was an increase in return migration, while the number and characteristics of migrants in transit, immigrants, and asylum seekers remained relatively stable [ 20 ]. As sending countries, both Mexico and Colombia have developed emigration policies to engage with and support their diasporas [ 53 , 54 ], and the Mexican documents reflect this. Meanwhile, during the period covered in this study, Colombia experienced the arrival of more than a million Venezuelans in a very short time.…”
“…Nas últimas décadas, houve um aumento de interesse dos países de envio de migrantes pelos seus cidadãos no exterior (Cohen, 2017;Ionescu, 2006). Esses países têm atentado sobre a perda de capital humano e social acarretada pela emigração (González-Rábago, 2015) e reconhecido a importância do aporte dos emigrantes para a sociedade de origem através do envio de remessas financeiras e de outras contribuições menos tangíveis, mas não menos importantes (Brum, 2017(Brum, , 2018a(Brum, , 2018b. Por exemplo, esse grupo da população pode criar empresas; estimular o turismo; transferir habilidades e conhecimentos; promover o debate político; fortalecer a sociedade civil; incentivar a educação (De Haas, 2006;Ionescu, 2006); e, fortalecer os vínculos políticos, culturais e afetivos entre seus países de origem e destino (Brum, 2017(Brum, , 2018a(Brum, , 2018b.…”
Section: Breve Contexto Histórico Das Políticas Públicas Voltadas Par...unclassified
Resumo Este trabalho procura evidenciar os principais atores, ações, planos e instrumentos de articulação e colaboração envolvidos na realização do Encceja - Exame Nacional para Certificação de Competências de Jovens e Adultos voltados para brasileiros no exterior. O objetivo é mostrar como uma política pública de vinculação atrelada à Política Externa Brasileira na área de Educação pode ser constituída e aplicada de forma horizontal, a partir de interações intersetoriais e societais. Para a coleta de informações, foram utilizadas as técnicas de revisão bibliográfica, análises documental e exploratória e entrevistas. Os resultados apontam para desafios múltiplos e permanentes, em duas direções principais: 1) quanto ao compartilhamento de atribuições e responsabilidades dos entes estatais e não-estatais envolvidos; 2) quanto à própria natureza e dinâmica das necessidades da população brasileira que vive em outros países.
“…In addition to the paucity of data in general, there are no obesity studies using a transnational perspective [6,34], comparing the nonimmigrant Colombian population in Colombia with their U.S. counterparts. To the best of our knowledge, the present study is the rst to compare the prevalence of obesity of Colombians immigrants residing in NYC and nonimmigrant Colombians residing in their home country, based on data from two population-based surveys.…”
Background: Latinos in the United States (U.S.) represent a heterogeneous minority population disproportionally impacted by obesity. Colombians in the U.S. are routinely combined with other South Americans in most obesity studies. Moreover, most studies among Latino immigrants in the U.S. solely focus on factors in the destination context, which largely ignores the prevalence of obesity and contextual factors in their country of origin, and warrant transnational investigations.
Methods: Using 2013-17 data from the New York City Community Health Survey (NYC CHS, U.S.) and the National Survey of the Nutritional Situation (ENSIN, Colombia), Colombians that immigrated to the U.S. and are living in NYC (n=503) were compared to nonimmigrant Colombians living in their home country (n=98,829). Prevalence ratios (PR) for obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) by place of residence were estimated using multivariable logistic regression adjusting for socio-demographic characteristics and daily consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.
Results: The prevalence of obesity was 49% greater for immigrant Colombians living in NYC when compared to nonimmigrant Colombians living in in their home country (PR=1.49; 95% CI 1.08, 2.07). Colombian immigrant men in NYC were 72% more likely to have obesity compared to nonimmigrant men living in their home country (PR=1.72; 95% CI 1.03, 2.87). No significant differences were found in the adjusted models among women.
Conclusions: Colombian immigrants in NYC exhibit a higher prevalence of obesity compared to their nonimmigrant counterparts back home and sex strengthens this relationship. More obesity research is needed to understand the immigration experience of Colombians in the U.S. and the underlying mechanisms for sex difference. Public health action focused on women in Colombia and both Colombian men and women immigrants in the U.S. is warranted to avert the long-term consequences of obesity.
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