“…Structural equation modeling offers an effective way of understanding abstract concepts. This leads to SEM dissemination in social studies (Atef et al, 2017, Lekovic & Bobera, 2018, Alyoubi et al, 2019, Alsua et al, 2019, Muneeb et al, 2019, Akhondzadeh, 2019, Sadiq et al, 2020, including trust (Al Halbusi et al, 2018, Mas'ud et al, 2019. STATISTICA 13.3 was selected for confirmatory modeling and PATH analysis, as well as testing for its reliability and validity.…”