Engagement as a Design Concept for Multimedia

Teacher ratings of student engagement with educational software: An exploratory study

“…Learning engagement has been studied unidimensionally, as depth-of-processing, time-on-task, or intrinsic motivation (e.g., Jacques, Preece, & Carey, 1995;Kumar, 1991;Martens et al, 1997;Skinner & Belmont, 1993). However, such notions can mask engagement's complexity.…”

Game feature and expertise effects on experienced richness, control and engagement in game play

“…Each item had to be assessed on a 10-point numerical scale ranging from 1 (left) to 10 (right). The list included items assessing selfconfidence, ease and efficiency (White 1959;Skinner 1996;Ajzen 2002;Hedman and Sharafi 2004), and items assessing the experience of enjoyment, motivation, challenge, excitement, skill development and discovering new possibilities (Malone 1981;Csikszentmihalyi 1990;Webster et al 1993;Jacques et al 1995;Laurel 1991;Chapman et al 1999;Garris 2002). …”

“…In the literature on interaction design, engagement is described as an exciting and enjoyable state of mind in which attention is willingly given and held (Malone 1981;Laurel 1991;Webster et al 1993;Jacques et al 1995;Chapman et al 1999), and was also specifically discussed in relation to web applications (Chen et al 1999;Novak et al 2000) and interactive training simulations (Garris et al 2002). In studies on well-being, engagement has also been described as an optimal state of mind, called Flow, in which people report experiencing a sense of enjoyment, losing the sense of self and time, and experiencing effortlessness in the development of skills (Csikszentmihalyi 1990;Ellis et al 1994).…”

Understanding Intention to Explore Business Intelligence Systems: The Role of Fit and Engagement

“…Besides its essential roles in general work context, engagement is also considered as a desirable user response to computermediated activities in the context of human computer interaction [50]. Users describe their engaging experiences of interacting with IS as feelings that the system has caught, captured, and captivated their interest [39]. Users are engaged in a system when it "holds their attention and they are attracted to it for intrinsic rewards" [39, p. 58].…”