Enforcement Activity in Consumer Protection Regulation in Croatia

Josipović, Tatjana

doi:10.1007/s10603-013-9238-9

“…6 Od tog trenutka nadalje počinje postupni razvoj politike zaštite potrošača, najprije praksom Suda EU-a o povredama temeljne gospodarske slobode kretanja robe 7 , a potom i jačanjem djelatnosti zakonodavca EU-a. 8 Potaknut prihvaćanjem nove pravne osnove za prihvaćanje mjera Unije namijenjenih usklađivanju propisa država članica relevantnih za unutarnje tržište 9 , europski zakonodavac počinje prihvaćati niz direktiva EU-a o zaštiti potrošača. 10 U prve direktive koje ujedinjavaju cilj ostvarenja unutarnjeg tržišta i zaštite potrošača ubraja se tako i Direktiva 84/450/EEZ o zavaravajućem oglašavanju.…”

Section: Uvodunclassified

Nepoštena poslovna praksa u hrvatskome pravnom sustavu: uređenje i provedba

Mišćenić

¹

,

Mamilović²

2019

God. Akad. prav. znan. Hrvat. (Online)

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Pravo zaštite potrošača relativno je mlada grana prava, koja se u hrvatskome pravnom poretku počela razvijati prije petnaest godina prihvaćanjem prvog Zakona o zaštiti potrošača u 2003. godini. Bila je to posljedica ispunjavanja dužnosti hrvatske države preuzete Sporazumom o stabilizaciji i pridruživanju sklopljenim 2001. godine između Republike Hrvatske i Europskih zajednica te država članica. Proces harmonizacije odnosno usklađivanja s europskim acquisom u tom području rezultirao je prihvaćanjem čak triju Zakona o zaštiti potrošača kao lex generalis za zaštitu potrošača, ali i paletom posebnijih propisa kojima se štite prava potrošača. Danas, pet godina nakon pristupanja Uniji hrvatsko je pravo zaštite potrošača okarakterizirano iznimnom normativnom fragmentiranošću. Potrošač se izuzev Zakonom o zaštiti potrošača štiti i Zakonom o obveznim odnosima, Zakonom o potrošačkom kreditiranju, Zakonom o platnom prometu, Zakonom o alternativnom rješavanju sporova, Zakonom o elektroničkom potpisu, kao i Zakonom o općoj sigurnosti proizvoda, ali i Zakonom o pravu na pristup informacijama te brojnim drugim propisima. Sve to iznimno dovodi u pitanje učinkovitost provedbe prava zaštite potrošača proizišle iz brojnih izvora prava EU-a na domaćoj razini RH kao države članice. Od posebne važnosti za učinkovitost zaštite prava potrošača ističe se upravo provedba odredaba Zakona o zaštiti potrošača o nepoštenoj poslovnoj praksi. To više što je riječ o odredbama horizontalne primjene, koje brane nepoštenu poslovnu praksu trgovca u odnosu na sve odnose B2C (engl. business-to-consumer), bilo da su uređeni Zakonom o zaštiti potrošača, Zakonom o obveznim odnosima ili bilo kojim drugim propisom. Pet godina od pristupanja RH Uniji više nego ikad hrvatska sudska praksa i drugi primjenjivači prava nailaze na brojne poteškoće u vezi s nepoštenom poslovnom praksom trgovaca u svim područjima, od usluga bankarskog i financijskog sektora do pružanja komunalnih usluga ili posebice operatera elektroničkih komunikacija. Pravna fragmentiranost zajedno s poteškoćama koje se tiču ispravne primjene odredaba o nepoštenoj poslovnoj praksi znatno narušava provedbu prava zaštite potrošača na domaćoj razini. Autori se u radu posvećuju toj gorućoj temi hrvatskog prava zaštite potrošača i pokušavaju dati odgovore na neka od brojnih pitanja s ciljem jačanja učinkovitosti provedbe prava zaštite potrošača u Republici Hrvatskoj.

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“…Consumers need protection to ensure they enjoy and exercise their rights to safety, rights to be informed, rights to choose, rights to be heard, rights to redress, and rights of privacy (Alsmadi and Alnawas 2017;UNCTAD 2018a, b). Therefore, countries such as Croatia have a separate legal regulation of consumer protection to protect the citizen rights and interests when purchasing goods and services for their personal needs (Josipović 2013). According to Rotfeld (2010), consumer protection is not to protect consumer but to protect the system of competition since the businesses are getting bigger and the industrial world is becoming complicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer Protection and Market Regulations in Solomon Islands and Fiji, Comparative Analysis

Mapuru

¹

,

Singh

²

,

Narayan

³

2021

Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance

0

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Competition; Consumer Affairs and Price Control; Consumer regulatory framework; Consumer welfare; Pacific Island countries Brief DefinitionsMonopolya business that does not have a competitor.Externalitiesthe costs associated with the production and consumption but are not captured in the market price.Public interest theoryunrestricted markets lead to failure; government is capable of correcting these failures through regulations; regulators intervene to protect public interests from malpractices and misconduct in the marketplace.Private interest theoryregulations only benefit certain effective groups in the society; wealth is maximized toward some effective group in the society.Economic theory of regulationregulations aim to achieve special interest of the powerful interest groups rather than upholding the public interest.Capture theoryregulators are captured by the regulated private businesses with the intention of gaining a favor from the regulated businesses in the future.Political theorythere are cases where the noneconomic interest groups may capture the regulator.

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Consumer Protection and Market Regulations in Solomon Islands and Fiji, Comparative Analysis

Mapuru

¹

,

Singh²,

Narayan³

2022

Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Competition; Consumer Affairs and Price Control; Consumer regulatory framework; Consumer welfare; Pacific Island countries Brief DefinitionsMonopolya business that does not have a competitor.Externalitiesthe costs associated with the production and consumption but are not captured in the market price.Public interest theoryunrestricted markets lead to failure; government is capable of correcting these failures through regulations; regulators intervene to protect public interests from malpractices and misconduct in the marketplace.Private interest theoryregulations only benefit certain effective groups in the society; wealth is maximized toward some effective group in the society.Economic theory of regulationregulations aim to achieve special interest of the powerful interest groups rather than upholding the public interest.Capture theoryregulators are captured by the regulated private businesses with the intention of gaining a favor from the regulated businesses in the future.Political theorythere are cases where the noneconomic interest groups may capture the regulator.

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Enforcement Activity in Consumer Protection Regulation in Croatia

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Nepoštena poslovna praksa u hrvatskome pravnom sustavu: uređenje i provedba

Nepoštena poslovna praksa u hrvatskome pravnom sustavu: uređenje i provedba

Consumer Protection and Market Regulations in Solomon Islands and Fiji, Comparative Analysis

Consumer Protection and Market Regulations in Solomon Islands and Fiji, Comparative Analysis

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