Energy Yields and Growth of Heterotrophs

Payne, W. J.

doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.24.100170.000313

Cited by 407 publications

(152 citation statements)

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“…The fact that cell yield does not change with growth rate in bacteria and yeasts is well known (Payne, 1970) and this is also nearly true for larger protozoans (Curds and Cockburn, 1968). It is mainly a property of small-sized organisms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A net growth efficiency in terms of C of about 60 % has been found for bacteria (growing on organic compounds with an oxidation level of C as in glucose) as well as in eukaryote cells (Payne, 1970;Calow, 1977). Maximum food consumption, in all cases some 60 % of the cell volume h-', is somewhat lower than in small ciliates which may well engulf more than 100 % of the body volume h-' (Fenchel, 1980 a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ecology of Heterotrophic Microflagellates. II. Bioenergetics and Growth

Fenchel¹

1982

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

477

322

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The bioenergetics of growth of 6 species of heterotrophic (bacterivorous) microflagellates was studied in batch cultures. Maximum growth rates varied between 0.15 and 0.25 h-' among the species, but growth as slow as 0.028 h-' could be maintained. Yield (gross growth efficiency) was found to be ca. 30 % (volume) or, in 2 cases, 34 and 43 % (C basis) respectively; net growth efficiency (C) was 60 %. Respiratory and growth rates were directly proportional to consumption rate within the range of growth rates studied. Clearance (volume of water cleared for bacteria per unit time and measured in fractions of cell volume) ranged from about 5 X 104 to about 106 h-'; this large variation can in part be explained as a consequence of specialization to different food particle slzes. In general, the parameter values suggest that the type of flagellates studied may grow on and possibly control the concentration of bacteria found in marine plankton.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecology of Heterotrophic Microflagellates. II. Bioenergetics and Growth

Fenchel¹

1982

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

477

322

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“…After one day, 20 % of the added glucose was mineralized to 14 CO 2 , with an efficiency of 60 % for C (Payne, 1970), so only 53 % of the glucose was mineralized although 80 % could not be detected in the soil. Part of the 14 C-labeled glucose was taken up by the microorganisms in LEC soil without being metabolized.…”

Section: Concentration Of Extractable 14 Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of 14C-labeled glucose and ammonium in saline arable soils

Vuelvas-Solórzano

Hernández-Matehuala

Conde-Barajas

et al. 2009

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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SUMMARYOrganic matter dynamics and nutrient availability in saline agricultural soils of the State of Guanajuato might provide information for remediation strategies. 14 C labeled glucose with or without 200 mg kg -1 of NH 4 + -N soil was added to two clayey agricultural soils with different electrolytic conductivity (EC), i.e. 0.94 dS m -1 (low EC; LEC) and 6.72 dS m -1 (high EC; HEC), to investigate the effect of N availability and salt content on organic material decomposition. Inorganic N dynamics and production of CO 2 and 14 CO 2 were monitored. Approximately 60 % of the glucose-14 C added to LEC soil evolved as 14 CO 2 , but only 20 % in HEC soil after the incubation period of 21 days. After one day, < 200 mg 14 C was extractable from LEC soil, but > 500 mg 14 C from HEC soil. No N mineralization occurred in the LEC and HEC soils and glucose addition reduced the concentrations of inorganic N in unamended soil and soil amended with NH 4 + -N. The NO 2 -and NO 3 -concentrations were on average higher in LEC than in HEC soil, with exception of NO 2 -in HEC amended with NH 4 + -N. It was concluded that increases in soil EC reduced mineralization of the easily decomposable C substrate and resulted in Ndepleted soil.Index terms: dynamics of inorganic N, emission of 14 CO 2 and 12 CO 2 , saline soils. Os conhecimentos sobre a dinâmica da matéria orgânica e disponibilidade de nutrientes em solos salinos podem ser úteis para nortear a adoção de estratégias de recuperação e manejo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da condutividade elétrica (EC) e presença de N inorgânico na decomposição da matéria orgânica a dois solos salinos localizados em Guanajuato (México). Nesse sentido, glicose marcada com 14 C com ou sem amônio na dose de 200 mg kg -1 de N foi adicionada em dois tipos de solo com valores de condutividade elétrica de 0,94 dS m -1 (baixo EC; LEC) e 6,72 dS m -1 (alta EC; HEC). Amostras de solos foram incubadas durante 21 dias e, ao longo desse tempo, foram avaliadas as concentrações de N inorgânico e a produção de 12 CO 2 e 14 CO 2 . Após o período de incubação, aproximadamente 60 % da glicose marcada com 14 C adicionado ao solo LEC evoluiu como 14 CO 2 , mas somente 20 % no solo HEC a evolução de 14 CO 2 foi de apenas 20 %. Decorrido um dia de incubação, menos de 200 mg de 14 C foram extraídos do solo LEC, ao passo que no solo HEC foram extraídos mais de 500 mg de 14 C. Não ocorreu mineralização de N nos dois solos e a adição de glicose reduziu as concentrações de N inorgânico no solo controle e no solo que recebeu N-NH 4 + . As concentrações de NO 2 -e NO 3 -foram, em média, maiores no solo LEC do que no solo HEC, com exceção do teor de NO 2 -, que foi maior no HEC tratado com NH 4 + . O aumento da condutividade elétrica promoveu a redução da mineralização de substrato facilmente decomponível e a diminuição do teor de N no solo.Termos de indexação: dinâmica de nitrogênio inorgânico, emissão de 12 CO 2 e 14 CO 2 , solos salinos.

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“…Accumulated evidence suggests that a big proportion of root exudates is utilized and released as CO 2 in a very short period of time; only a small portion becomes microbial biomass (Dyer et al 1991;Harris and Paul 1991). The microbial assimilation efficiency of these exudates (6.5-15%; Helal and Sauerbeck 1989;Liljeroth et al 1990;Martin and Merckx 1992), is considerably lower than the theoretical maximum of 60 percent (Payne 1970) and of other sources of carbon in the soil. The microbial assimilation efficiency is 61 percent for glucose added to the soil after about 40 hours of incubation (Elliott et al 1983), 27 percent after 61 weeks of incubation (Johansson 1992), and 47 percent for rye shoots added to the soil after 7 weeks of incubation (Cheng and Coleman 1990).…”

Section: Microbial Assimilation Efficiency Of Rhizodepositsmentioning

confidence: 97%