Energy use in conventional and organic milk and rye bread production in Finland

Grönroos, Juha; Seppälä, Jyri; Voutilainen, Pasi; Seuri, Pentti; Koikkalainen, Kauko

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.022

Cited by 67 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Nielsen and Kristensen (2005) conclude that N and P surpluses are larger on conventional dairy farms in Denmark. Grönroos et al (2006) have suggested that the use of non-renewable energy is higher per unit produced on conventional farms. Hole et al (2005) also suggest that biodiversity is larger in organic farming systems than in conventional ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Joint estimation of technology choice and technical efficiency: an application to organic and conventional dairy farming

2008

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Joint estimation of technology choice and technical efficiency: an application to organic and conventional dairy farming

2008

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“…Average values from four studies: (Pelletier et al 2013(Pelletier et al , 2014Cederberg et al 2009;Nielsen et al 2013), values for whole egg at farm gate Potato chips 1.98 (Nilsson et al 2011), at processor gate 22.8 (Nilsson et al 2011), at processor gate Milk 1.05 , at processor gate 3.99 (Gronroos et al 2006), at processor gate Turkey 5.42 Average of 4 production systems at farm gate from Leinonen et al (2014), converted to carcass weight using dress yield of 79.13%…”

Section: 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Influence of Food Waste in Food Packaging Environmental Performance Assessments

Heller

Selke

Keoleian

2018

J of Industrial Ecology

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SummaryScrutiny of food packaging environmental impacts has led to a variety of sustainability directives, but has largely focused on the direct impacts of materials. A growing awareness of the impacts of food waste warrants a recalibration of packaging environmental assessment to include the indirect effects due to influences on food waste. In this study, we model 13 food products and their typical packaging formats through a consistent life cycle assessment framework in order to demonstrate the effect of food waste on overall system greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and cumulative energy demand (CED). Starting with food waste rate estimates from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, we calculate the effect on GHG emissions and CED of a hypothetical 10% decrease in food waste rate. This defines a limit for increases in packaging impacts from innovative packaging solutions that will still lead to net system environmental benefits. The ratio of food production to packaging production environmental impact provides a guide to predicting food waste effects on system performance. Based on a survey of the food LCA literature, this ratio for GHG emissions ranges from 0.06 (wine example) to 780 (beef example). High ratios with foods such as cereals, dairy, seafood, and meats suggest greater opportunity for net impact reductions through packaging-based food waste reduction innovations. While this study is not intended to provide definitive LCAs for the product/package systems modeled, it does illustrate both the importance of considering food waste when comparing packaging alternatives, and the potential for using packaging to reduce overall system impacts by reducing food waste. Keywords:food packaging food waste greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions industrial ecology life cycle assessment (LCA) life cycle energy analysis Supporting information is linked to this article on the JIE website

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“…Research in the UK concluded that organic dairy cow production utilised only 22 percent of the energy from conventional production because in the organic systems cows mainly ate grass whereas the conventional cows were fed predominately with corn silage, grain and soybean cake (MAFF, 2000). A study from Finland found that the energy consumed by dairy cows was 4,4 gigajoules per 1000 litre of milk produced in organic systems and 6,4 gigajoules in conventional production (Grönroos, 2006).…”

Section: Concentrated Feedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economics of organically managed and conventional potato production systems in Atlantic Canada

et al. 2015

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Khakbazan, M., Henry, R., Haung, J., Mohr, R., Peters, R., Fillmore, S., Rodd, V. and Mills, A. 2015. Economics of organically managed and conventional potato production systems in Atlantic Canada. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 161–174. A rotation study was initiated in 2007 in Prince Edward Island (PEI), Canada, to determine the economic effects of converting from conventional potato production to organically managed systems. Seven organically managed rotations, which used various crop combinations to help control pests and soil-borne diseases as well as maintain nutrient levels, were assessed for 2 yr before and 2 yr after organic certification requirements were met in 2009. Each rotation included potato as the main cash crop and at least one other cash crop in a 4-yr rotation and these rotations were compared to a 4-yr conventional rotation. Results indicated that without an organic price premium, significant net revenue losses are expected for most of the seven rotations because of lower yields and high costs. The rotation that included carrots (potato, carrots and mixed peas–oats grain as the cash crops) produced the highest net revenue amongst all rotations studied; however, carrot yield and the net revenue associated with it also showed the greatest variability among all the crops. Organically managed cash crops generated higher net revenues than the conventional potato system only if the average PEI organic price premium was applied. Conventional potato systems produced economic benefits similar to most of the organic rotations when a traditional potato–cereal–green manure rotation was evaluated. The comparison of seven possible rotations provides producers with options if growing organic potatoes.

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Energy use in conventional and organic milk and rye bread production in Finland

Cited by 67 publications

References 8 publications

Joint estimation of technology choice and technical efficiency: an application to organic and conventional dairy farming

Joint estimation of technology choice and technical efficiency: an application to organic and conventional dairy farming

Mapping the Influence of Food Waste in Food Packaging Environmental Performance Assessments

Economics of organically managed and conventional potato production systems in Atlantic Canada

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