Energy-triggered Drug Release From Polymer Nanoparticles for Orthopedic Applications

Abstract

Sequestra, present in many cancers and orthopedic infections, provide a safe harbor for the development of drug resistance. In the face of burgeoning drug resistance, the importance of nanoscale, microenvironment-triggered drug delivery cannot be overestimated. Such strategies may preserve pharmaceutical efficacy and significantly alter the etiology of many orthopedic diseases. Although temperature-, pH- and redox-responsive nanoparticle-based systems have been extensively studied, local drug delivery from polymeric nanoparticles can be triggered by a variety of energy forms. This review offers an overview of the state of the field as well as a perspective on the safety and efficacy of ultrasound, hyperthermia and radio frequency-triggered internal delivery systems in a variety of applications.

Ultrasound-Responsive Materials for Drug/Gene Delivery

“…Ultrasound-responsive material-based drug/gene delivery has been explored widely in treating cancer (Khokhlova et al, 2015;Qin et al, 2016;Fan et al, 2017;Yue et al, 2018;Jing et al, 2019), cardiovascular diseases (Hua et al, 2014;Dixon et al, 2015;Castle and Feinstein, 2016), orthopedic diseases (Le et al, 2016;Pullan et al, 2017;Kuo et al, 2019), ocular diseases (Aptel and Lafon, 2012;Wan et al, 2015a;Wan et al, 2015b;Lafond et al, 2017) and brain diseases (Timbie et al, 2015;Song et al, 2018a), and also applied in vaccine immunization (Tachibana et al, 1997;Escoffre et al, 2016). However, application of ultrasound-responsive materials in drug/gene delivery faces certain challenges.…”