Energy Transfer in Molecular Complexes of sym-Trinitrobenzene with Polyacenes. I. General Considerations¹

Effects of the Environment on the Fluorescence of Aromatic Compounds in Solution.

“…Measurements of the rate of decay of emission in some complexes were examined in the solid state (41,42) and it was conduced that fluorescence emission does occur in addition to phosphorescence. Some attention has been devoted also to the phosphorescence of aromatic hydrocarbon-acceptor complexes (40,105,106,114). McGlynn (106) concluded that absorption in the charge transfer band is followed by fluorescence emission and to some extent by intersystem crossing which results in the triplet state of the hydrocarbon; the latter is responsible for the observed phosphorescence.…”

“…Some attention has been devoted also to the phosphorescence of aromatic hydrocarbon-acceptor complexes (40,105,106,114). McGlynn (106) concluded that absorption in the charge transfer band is followed by fluorescence emission and to some extent by intersystem crossing which results in the triplet state of the hydrocarbon; the latter is responsible for the observed phosphorescence.…”

Achieving Purely Organic Room-Temperature Phosphorescence Mediated by a Host–Guest Charge Transfer State

“…As a result, the excited state energy can be stabilized by the charge transfer interactions, resulting in red-shift emissions, which are dependent on Δ E HOMO–LUMO . Additionally, because the transition of the CT state is from the HOMO of the donor molecule (guest) to the LUMO of the acceptor (host), the difference in energy between the singlet and triplet CT state (Δ E ST ) would be small because of the small electron exchange energy. − In this case, efficient intersystem crossing can populate the low-lying triplet states of the guests. − …”

A Study of the Effect of Tetracyanoethylene, Trinitrofluorenone, and Other Pi Acceptors on the Fluorescence of Aromatic Carbons.

“…The stronger a tt acceptor toward a given donor in the ground state, the lower the concentration of tt acceptor needed for quenching the fluorescence emission of the donor (6). A IM maleic anhydride solution is required to quench anthracene effectively (17), but much less s-trinitrobenzene is required to quench anthracene (10).…”

“…The mechanism for quenching of the fluorescence emission of the tt donor appears to be well established (6,10).…”