Energy transfer from astrocytes to axons: the role of CNS glycogen

Brown, Angus M.; Tekkök, Selva Baltan; Ransom, Bruce R.

doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2003.11.005

Cited by 159 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

125

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Astrocytes take glucose from blood and transfer it to neurons, but it is also now known that an O 2 limitation is not a requirement for the formation of l-lactate in the cell metabolism. It is becoming increasingly clear that neurons utilize different substrates (glucose, glycogen, and lactate) to support their metabolism (Brown et al, 2004;Brooks, 2009), although this process may depend on the surrounding conditions. Lactate is an important intermediary in aerobic glucose metabolism, and a mediator of the redox state in intracellular and extracellular compartments (Brown et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is becoming increasingly clear that neurons utilize different substrates (glucose, glycogen, and lactate) to support their metabolism (Brown et al, 2004;Brooks, 2009), although this process may depend on the surrounding conditions. Lactate is an important intermediary in aerobic glucose metabolism, and a mediator of the redox state in intracellular and extracellular compartments (Brown et al, 2004). Specifically, l-lactate and molecular transporters (monocarboxylate translocator isoforms or MCT) play an important role in the metabolism of mitochondria (Pasarella et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Expression of Metabolic Coupling and Adhesion Proteins in the Porcine Optic-Nerve Head: Relevance to a Flow Model of Glaucoma

Carreras¹,

Porcel²,

Rodríguez-Hurtado³

et al. 2011

The Mystery of Glaucoma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Metabolic Coupling and Adhesion Proteins in the Porcine Optic-Nerve Head: Relevance to a Flow Model of Glaucoma

Carreras¹,

Porcel²,

Rodríguez-Hurtado³

et al. 2011

The Mystery of Glaucoma

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] Astrocytes function as the principal storage sites of glycogen granules in the central nervous system and may provide neurons with vital energetic substrates. [38][39][40][41][42][43][44] Astrocytes also operate as important mediators of neurotoxic events. 45 By influencing astrocytic activity, neurofeedback may enhance the brain's ability to prune synaptic pathways, improving self-regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Progression of Neurofeedback: An Evolving Paradigm in Addiction Treatment and Relapse Prevention

Sunder¹,

Bohnen²

2017

MOJAMT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abbreviations: TOVA, test of variables of attention; MMPI, minnesota multiphasic personality inventory; cAMP, cyclic adenosine monophosphate; CREB, camp response element binding protein; MCI, mild cognitive impairment Introduction Recognizing addiction as a public health crisisA recent report published by the Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality found that approximately one in seven Americans is expected to develop a substance use disorder at some point in their lives.1 In 2015, 20.8 million people aged 12 or older in the United States had a substance abuse disorder, indicating that the number of Americans suffering from addiction is similar to the number of Americans suffering from diabetes.2 Moreover, the prevalence of substance use disorders is nearly 1.5 times that of all cancers combined. 3In 2014, over 47,000 people died from a drug overdose. This figure includes nearly 30,000 people who died from an overdose involving prescription drugs, which is more than in any previous year on record. Heroin overdoses have more than tripled between 2010 and 2014. 4 Alcohol misuse, which contributes to 88,000 deaths per year in the United States, was found to be the nation's fourth leading preventable cause of death. 5,6 Approximately one in ten deaths among working adults in the United States is caused by alcohol abuse. 5 The health care expenses, lost productivity, and criminal justice costs related to substance abuse are estimated to cost the federal government $442 billion dollars each year. 7,8 In response to this public health crisis, the U.S. Surgeon General published a report declaring that addiction must be approached as a chronic illness, alongside conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer. Current issues in addiction treatment and relapse preventionAddiction is characterized by improper engagement of the systems involved in adaptive decision-making.10 Deficiencies in executive functions such as working memory allow substance use behavior to be guided more strongly by automatic, impulsive processes.11 Genetic polymorphisms or stress may induce a hypodopaminergic trait/state, predisposing individuals to instinctively seek out substances or behaviors that stimulate dopaminergic activity.12,13 Substance use may thus engage a vicious cycle, as addictive drugs have been implicated to damage brain regions involved in higher-order functioning, further reducing self-regulatory capabilities.14 Although traditional methodologies such as counseling, group therapy, and medication have produced some success in treating addiction, relapse rates remain high. Bailey et al. reported that 90% of inpatient opioid detoxification patients relapsed within a year of treatment.15 A key factor accounting for the likelihood of relapse among addiction patients may be the persistence of aberrant neurobiological changes affecting reward prediction and motivation. It is plausible that traditional therapies may only address maladaptive patterns of synaptic connectivity to a limited extent, preserving some aberra...

show abstract

“…Glial cells play an important role in glycogen metabolism in the brain. Recent findings indicate that glycogen in astrocytes can support axon function under both pathological and physiological conditions, with astrocytes exporting lactate to neurons by degrading glycogen during an aglycemia insult (16). It has also been found that the number of glial cells is reduced in major depressive disorders, and bipolar patients not treated with lithium or valproate had a significant glial reduction (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erythrocyte phosphoglucomutase activity of bipolar I patients currently using lithium or carbamazepine

Montero-Lomelí¹,

Galvão²,

Morais³

et al. 2007

Braz J Med Biol Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lithium has been used for the last five decades to treat bipolar disorder, but the molecular basis of its therapeutic effect is unknown. Phosphoglucomutase is a key enzyme in the metabolism of glycogen. In yeast, rabbit and human HEK293 cells, it is inhibited by lithium in the therapeutic concentration range. We measured the phosphoglucomutase activity in erythrocytes and the inhibitor constant for lithium in a population of healthy subjects and compared them to those of bipolar patients treated with lithium or carbamazepine. The specific activity of phosphoglucomutase measured in vitro in erythrocytes from control subjects presented a normal distribution, with the difference between the lowest and the highest activity being approximately 2-fold (0.53-1.10 nmol mg Hb -1 min -1 ). Comparison of phosphoglucomutase activity in untreated bipolar patients and control subjects showed no significant difference, whereas comparison between bipolar patients treated with carbamazepine or lithium revealed significantly lower mean values in patients treated with carbamazepine (747.3 ± 27.6 vs 879.5 ± 35.9 pmol mg Hb -1 min -1 , respectively). When we studied the concentration of lithium needed to inhibit phosphoglucomutase activity by 50%, a bimodal distribution among the population tested was obtained. The concentration of LiCl needed to inhibit phosphoglucomutase activity by 50% was 0.35 to 1.8 mM in one group of subjects and in the other it was 3 to 4 mM. These results suggest that phosphoglucomutase activity may be significant in patients with bipolar disorder treated with lithium and carbamazepine.

show abstract

Energy transfer from astrocytes to axons: the role of CNS glycogen

Cited by 159 publications

References 27 publications

Expression of Metabolic Coupling and Adhesion Proteins in the Porcine Optic-Nerve Head: Relevance to a Flow Model of Glaucoma

Expression of Metabolic Coupling and Adhesion Proteins in the Porcine Optic-Nerve Head: Relevance to a Flow Model of Glaucoma

The Progression of Neurofeedback: An Evolving Paradigm in Addiction Treatment and Relapse Prevention

Erythrocyte phosphoglucomutase activity of bipolar I patients currently using lithium or carbamazepine

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About