Energy theory and application of rocks

Zhao, Zhixin; Ma, Wanhong; Fu, Xiangyu; Yuan, Jiahao

doi:10.1007/s12517-019-4617-4

Cited by 22 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…The energy evolution law could be obtained through the stress-strain curve of the specimen without considering the thermal energy loss caused by friction between particles [ 14 ]. The total energy of sandstone specimen at peak strength includes elastic energy and dissipative energy, as shown in Fig 1F and Eq (1) [ 15 ]. Where U is the total energy output from the compression instrument to sandstone; U E is the elastic potential energy at peak stress; U D is the dissipative energy generated by plastic deformation, which is not recoverable [ 16 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy evolution and crack development characteristics of sandstone under freeze-thaw cycles by digital image correlation

Jin

Feng

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Freeze-thaw erosion is the main reason for rock mass instability in cold regions and poses major threats to public safety. In this study, the stress threshold, energy, and strain field evolution of sandstone and the variation in stress intensity factor of fractures in various stress fields were all investigated after freeze-thaw cycles by uniaxial compression tests and digital image correlation technology. The results show that the elastic modulus, crack initiation stress, and peak stress all fell by 97%, 92.5%, and 89.9%, respectively, as the number of freeze-thaw cycles approaches 80. Elastic energy’s storage capacity also dropped from 0.85 to 0.17. Sandstone’s strain was increased by freeze-thaw erosion, which also improved ductility and shortened the cracking time. The stress intensity factor at the crack tip was positively correlated with the tip inclination angle and negatively correlated with the number of freeze-thaw cycles. This study provides a useful reference for understanding the stability of rock masses and the characteristics of crack derivation in cold regions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy evolution and crack development characteristics of sandstone under freeze-thaw cycles by digital image correlation

Jin

Feng

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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“…It is essentially a comprehensive result of rock energy conversion behaviors including energy absorption, storage, dissipation, and release (Tahmasebinia et al, 2018;Wang et al 2022;Xu et al, 2021). Moreover, extensive studies have confirmed that energy dissipation is the essential attribute of irreversible deformation in rocks, which reflects the continuous development of internal micro-defects and causes a progressive deterioration of mechanical properties and the eventual loss of rock strength (Ganne et al, 2007;Ju and Xie, 2000;Peng et al, 2021;Xie et al, 2005;Zhao et al, 2019). As a complex geological material containing joints, fissures, and voids, rocks are damaged due to the development and propagation of these natural micro-defects under external loads (Ahmed et al, 2020;Gong and Wu, 2020;Liu and Dai, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theoretical shear damage characterization of intact rock under compressive-shear stress considering energy dissipation

Luo

Gong

Peng

2023

International Journal of Damage Mechanics

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Investigation into rock damage is of great significance for evaluating and predicting the stability of underground rock applications, such as deep mining or tunneling structures. Considering the energy dissipation properties during rock deformation, this paper proposes a novel theoretical characterization of the damage induced by compressive-shear stress and its evolution in intact rocks. The linear energy dissipation (LED) law is derived from shear stress and deformation data of rocks resulting from the preset angle shear experiment. Based on the LED law, two damage variables are separately constructed from the theoretical and experimental aspects. Several sets of experimental data are subsequently utilized to validate the two constructed damage variables. Results show that both damage variables grow first slowly and then rapidly with shear displacement or shear stress in nonlinear relations. By comparison, however, it is found that the theoretical damage variable outperforms the experimental damage variable, which can accurately reflect the stress and deformation data during progressive rock damage with favorable continuity. This study contributes to a novel theoretical approach to quantifying the pre-peak damage in intact rocks subject to compressive-shear stress.

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“…Few studies have been devoted to the law of energy evolution during rock failure accounting for the internal defects. [30][31][32][33][34] The internal defects of the rock could play a critical role in the failure of the rock mass. This issue becomes highlighted in actual engineering projects that the rock mass is commonly subjected to a periodical disturbance stress environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the given literature survey, investigators have mainly considered the energy storage and dissipation in the process of rock failure and instability from external factors such as stress path and stress state. Few studies have been devoted to the law of energy evolution during rock failure accounting for the internal defects 30–34 . The internal defects of the rock could play a critical role in the failure of the rock mass.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy characteristics of sandstones with different crack angles under true triaxial cyclic loading and unloading

Xia

Luo

et al. 2022

Energy Science & Engineering

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The effect of crack angle on energy evolution during sandstone failure subjected to true triaxial cyclic loading and unloading is of great concern. However, the energy consumed in the crack initiation and compaction process is generally referred to the dissipated energy, which is inaccurate. To reveal the energy law in the breaking process of sandstone, a complex cyclic loading and unloading test is carried out on precast angled sandstone samples by employing the triaxial test system. The area integral methodology is exploited to evaluate the evolution of total energy density, elastic energy density, dissipated energy density, and plastic energy density of the rock samples of different crack angles. The variations of these four energy density levels in terms of the number of loading and unloading cycles and the upper limit of stress are explained and discussed. The obtained results reveal that during the entire cycle of loading and unloading, the variations of the above‐mentioned factors of the rock sample fairly do not rely on the crack angle. The energy density increases with the number of cycles, and the total energy density and elastic energy density significantly increase faster than the consumption mode. The growth rate of the dissipative energy density is greater than that of the plastic energy density. Additionally, the aforementioned four energy quantities grow in a quadratic manner as a function of the upper limit of the loading stress. The releasable elastic energy gradually magnifies by increasing the upper limit of the loading stress. The plasticity density first decreases and then increases, reflecting the change law of the irreversible plastic deformation caused by newly developed cracks in the rock sample. The elastic energy density, the fitting coefficient of the dissipated energy density, and the total energy density are employed to define the characteristic coefficients of the rock energy storage and energy dissipation. The results indicate that the larger the rock crack angle, the stronger the energy storage energy and the weaker the energy dissipation capacity. It also explains that how the strength of the rock sample becomes higher as the crack angle increases.

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Energy theory and application of rocks

Cited by 22 publications

References 75 publications

Energy evolution and crack development characteristics of sandstone under freeze-thaw cycles by digital image correlation

Energy evolution and crack development characteristics of sandstone under freeze-thaw cycles by digital image correlation

Theoretical shear damage characterization of intact rock under compressive-shear stress considering energy dissipation

Energy characteristics of sandstones with different crack angles under true triaxial cyclic loading and unloading

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