Energy storage technologies for electric applications

Abstract

Integration of renewable sources in electrical networks has increased dramatically in recent years. However, the power supplied by renewable energy sources is not as secure and easy to adjust to changes in demand, as the power supplied by traditional power systems. As a result, storage devices are also integrated into the electrical network in order to ensure reliability and quality in the performance of the power system. This paper presents the current state of development of various storage technologies proposed for use in electric power systems. Thus, characteristic expressions, specific and comparative data (in technical and economic terms) are shown.

A Survey on Innovative Solutions and Projects for the Integration of Renewable Generation in Weak Power Grids

“…Flywheels, batteries, supercapacitors, fuel cells, etc, are the devices developed at the moment to store energy [15]. The main characteristics of these storage devices are shown in Table I [16].…”

Energy storage systems supporting increased penetration of renewables in islanded systems

“…In this context, electricity supply in combined conventional and decentralized grids using renewable energy resources requires affordable and reliable power management mechanisms, including sustainable storage systems, despite of some drawbacks in storage systems applied to electricity, related to the type of technology and operating costs [17,18]. Several storage technologies have been developed with different response characteristics, and the state-ofthe-art of these ES systems, their benefits and their applications have been reviewed and analyzed throughout this paper.…”

El Hierro Renewable Energy Hybrid System: A Tough Compromise

“…In Reference [11], the importance of assessing the technical and economic feasibility of isolated wind energy systems is emphasized.Because of the instability of the RES (the availability of their potential depends on many factors), a reserve conventional source and a storage are often introduced into the system [4].Reference [12] proposed a novel method of optimizing the efficiency of battery energy storage systems. Four optimal objective functions have been taken into account, such as minimum energy storage capacity, minimum load dump, the maximum lowest deflection frequency, and minimum disruption duration indicator.An overview of possible solutions for electricity storage is presented in References [13-18] including pumped hydro storage, flywheel, superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), supercapacitors, battery energy storage system (BESS), pumped heat electrical storage (PHES), and compressed air energy storage (CAES), whereas in References [13,14,[16][17][18], the subject of the integration of storage systems with RES and application possibilities in insular systems were considered. Energy storage can increase the reliability of the microgrids.…”

“…An overview of possible solutions for electricity storage is presented in References [13-18] including pumped hydro storage, flywheel, superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES), supercapacitors, battery energy storage system (BESS), pumped heat electrical storage (PHES), and compressed air energy storage (CAES), whereas in References [13,14,[16][17][18], the subject of the integration of storage systems with RES and application possibilities in insular systems were considered. Energy storage can increase the reliability of the microgrids.…”